A Clinical Study on Risk Factors Cataracts in Young Adults
Journal Title: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 9
Abstract
Background: Cataracts in general population accounts for more than 80% of the causes for impaired vision in India. Usually, cataract formation is a senile disorder due to aging process. However, they may also be formed in young adults. The present study reviews risk factors in younger age groups developing cataracts. Aim of the Study: The aim is to study the risk factors of early cataract formation in young adults in a hospital setup. Materials and Methods: In a hospital-based prospective, comparative, cross-sectional clinical study, 183 young patients with diminished vision and nuclear, cortical, posterior subcapsular (PSC), mixed, and posterior polar cataracts were included in the study. Risk factors such as sunlight exposure, atopy, diabetes, steroid intake, glaucoma, and uveitis were elicited. Observations and Results: Among the 183 patients enrolled, 115 (62.84%) were males and 78 (42.62%) were females. The mean age was 39.46 ± 3.15. Family history was observed in 27.82% of the patients, atopy in 41.73%, trauma in 23.47%, exposure to ultraviolet light (UVL) in 32.17%, uveitis in 25.21%, diabetes mellitus in 26.95%, renal disorders in 10.34%, myxedema in 06.08%, dehydration in 08.69%, glaucoma in 14.78%, hypertension in 33.04%, and usage of steroids in 25.21%. No risk factor mentioned above was elicited in 26.08% of the patients and termed as idiopathic. Conclusion: Atopy documented higher odds for nuclear cataract (35.41%) with P = 0.041 (P significant at <0.05), attaining statistical significance compared to other types. Steroids being the risk factor to cause cataracts was 25.21%, the P = 0.382 which was significant. For diabetes-induced cataracts, it was not statistically significant with P = 0.610. Risk factors for cataracts in younger age groups were atopy, steroids, uveitis, and exposure to UVL. Idiopathic cataracts were the second most common type in the study.
Authors and Affiliations
Sreekanth Boddikuri
Keywords
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