A Guide to Current Good Radiopharmacy Practices in Radiopharmaceutical Preparation (PET, THERAPY, SPECT)
Journal Title: Nuclear Medicine Seminars - Year 2020, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Radiopharmaceutical products are inorganic compounds, organic compounds, peptides, proteins, monoclonal antibodies and fragments, and oligonucleotides labeled with radionuclides whose half-life ranges from a few minutes to several days. These radioactive isotopes used for various medical purposes decay spontaneously under ionizing radiation emission. Radiopharmaceuticals cover a wide range of procedures including diagnostics [single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT); and positron emission tomography (PET)], radiation therapy (oncology and palliative pain management), as well as early clinical research and radiolabeled molecule development (e.g. pharmacokinetics, metabolism, receptor binding studies) covers a range of procedures. Unlike conventional medicinal products, RP does not induce pharmacodynamic effects, as small amounts of active ingredients are usually used. Radiopharmaceuticals are classified as medicinal products and therefore they form the basis of the same regulations as non-radioactive medicinal products. In addition to pharmaceutical legislation, laws relating to the manufacture, supply or use of radioactive medicinal products that aim to protect employees, the general public and the environment from radiation need to be followed. The main purpose in good radiopharmacy applications is the safety of the product for medical products and the safety of the patient to whom the product is applied, together with the radiation protection rules. This guide aims to provide an overview of the minimum Good Radiopharmacy Practices (GRP) requirements for radiopharmaceuticals. The manual can also be used as training material for practice, quality control and quality assurance personnel in the field.
Authors and Affiliations
Türkan Ertay
New Radionuclides in Pain Palliation
Skeletal system is the most common metastasis site in patients with advanced cancer. Pain is an important health problem in patients with bone metastasis. Bone seeking radionuclides to treat bone pain due to bone metasta...
Acceptance and Quality Control Tests for the Single Photon Emission Computerized Tomography (SPECT) Gamma Cameras and SPECT/CT Systems
Scintigraphic images play an important role in the diagnosis of diseases by providing accurate clinical information independent of the operator. However, the good quality image may not be obtained due to changes in the p...
Acceptance Tests and Quality Control of the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Systems
Quality control (QC) applications are important for the reliability and accuracy of the results obtained from positron emission tomography (PET) imaging systems in clinical trials. With these applications, exposure of pa...
How Use of Radioiodine Is Changing According to Risk Groups in Well Differentiated Thyroid Cancer?
Many aspects of patient management in thyroid cancers including I-131 use are based on retrospective data or expert opinions and still debatable. With the increasing use of ultrasonography, demographics of thyroid cancer...
Radiation Safety Guide: General Definitions and Radiation Protection Rules in Nuclear Medicine Applications
Ionizing radiation which is widely used in the field of medicine and industry, and in scientific studies leaves some or all of its energy to the tissue as it passes through living tissue. It causes known possible harmful...