A Hospital Based Study On Retinopathy Of Prematurity: Incidence And Risk Factors In Preterm Births
Journal Title: National Journal of Medical and Dental Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction:ROP is a vasoproliferative retinopathy of eye 1 which affects premature newborns which may progress and cause visual impairment. Though the disease is well known now, the magnitude of problem and various risk factors associated with or leading to it are yet to be established. Objectives: To determine the incidence of ROP in Preterm babies in NICU (Neonatal Intensive Care Unit) of SSMC, Rewa and to study the risk factors associated with or leading to the disease and to correlate them with disease severity. Material And Methods:Hospital based, retrospecttive study was carried out in NICU of SSMC which included all babies born before 34 weeks gestation and/or weighing < 1750 grams and babies born after 34-36 weeks and/or weighing 1750-2000 grams were included if they had risk factors of ROP. Results: A total of 63 BABIES were initially included, of these three babies died and nine did not return for complete follow up. The remaining 51 preterm babies were examined as per protocol and 9 patients had ROP. Discussion:According to our study, besides low birth weight and early gestational age, oxygen administration, apneic spells in infants, exchange transfusions given are significant risk factors for ROP. The sample size is small. To know the true incidence and risk factors involved it is advisable to undertake larger study over a period of years. Conclusions: In developing countries, the incidence of ROP continues to rise with improvement in survival of extremely preterm infants. In developed countries, ROP is significantly reduced. Further research is required to fully understand and prevent ROP. Appropriate screening and treatment strategies will be needed in reducing blindness in developing countries.
Authors and Affiliations
Saumya Agrawal, Shashi Jain
Keywords
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