Abstract

Background: The anatomical boundaries of the orbit are defined and the contribution of various bones in making up the orbital margins is determined .Associated with this, orbital dimensions like length, breadth and the orbital index are determined along with the associated dimorphic and bilateral variations. The findings of these territorial specimens are analyzed and compared with similar findings from other vernacular territories. The bilateral craniofacial structures are studied and they are dimensionally classified and characterized. Comprehensive documentation thus promulgated functions to prove vital in the conquest of dexterity in the field of surgery and forensic anthropometry alike. The evaluated parameters also serve as an empirical guide in discerning tenuous sites that are susceptible to impaction and in defining the safe limits of orbital exploration Results: The study has returned an average value of 81.47 as the orbital index of the scrutinized dry skull specimens thus placing them under the category of microseme. The average values of orbital length and breadth were found to be 31.26mm and 38.37mm respectively. The superior margin formed exclusively by the frontal bone measured 32.7mm on average with the supraorbital notch/foramen being displaced 5.92mm from the medial limit of the superior margin. For 25.88mm, which was the average length of medial margin, maxilla stood the dominant contributor (13.81mm) with the frontal bone chipping in to contribute to the rest. The inferior margin paints a contrary picture of maxilla being the secondary contributor (16.13mm) whilst here it is the zygoma which makes a greater contribution (17.29mm). Conclusion: This study hereby establishes Microseme to be the predominant orbital index of the scrutinized skull specimens in addition to quantifying the contributions of various bones towards making up the margins. Comparative analysis with confluent such studies from other provinces of the Indian subcontinent has confirmed the latitude variation associated with orbital index. The results thus established will be unerringly essential in the field of surgery and forensic anthropometry.

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