A prospective Study of Serum Testosterone Level in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 8
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological studies have shown that low testosterone levels are an independent risk factor for type-2 diabetes (T2DM). The risk of both hypogonadism and T2DM increases with age. Aims and Objectives: To evaluate and study the relationship of serum testosterone level with conventional risk factors for atherosclerosis, duration of diabetes and HbA1c in T2DM patients. Materials and Methods: A total 120 subjects were studied after dividing them in to Cases (T2DM male patients, n=80) and Control (sex matched healthy male subjects, n=40) at Dept. of Medicine, G R Medical College & J.A. Group of Hospitals, Gwalior, between September 2011 and October 2012. Study cohort were studied based on the detailed history, anthropometric measurements, relevant blood investigations, HbA1C, ECG changes and estimation of serum total (STT) and free testosterone (SFT). Results: Majority of the cases belonged to age group of 41-50 years (40%). Mean serum total testosterone (STT) (300.72±33.14 vs383.81±57.63, p=0.551) and serum free testosterone (SFT) (7.65±2.04 vs. 11.17±2.30, p=0.002) levels were lower among Cases compared to Control. Among Cases and Control, 28.75% and 25% subjects had decreased STT (p=0.020) whereas 57.5% and 25% subjects had decreased SFT (p=0.029) respectively. Among Cases out of 26 obese patients, 76.9% had low level of SFT whereas in Control group, out of 10 obese subjects 40% had low level of SFT. All the patients [18 (22.5%)] among cases who had total cholesterol ≥200 mg/dl had low level of SFT whereas among Control group, 50% out of 6 subjects had low level of SFT (p=0.015) Out of 53 patients who had TG ≥150 mg/dl, 67.92% had low level of SFT whereas in control group, out of 10 subjects, 30% subjects had low level of SFT (p= 0.0019). Out of 55 patients in cases and 13 subjects in Control who had HDL-C <40 mg/dl, 32 patients (58.18%) and 4 subjects (30.76%) had low level of SFT respectively (p<0.001).Among the patient with T2DM for >5 years (n=28), 12 (42.85%) and 18 (64.28%) had low levels of STT and SFT respectively. In cases with 2 or lesser risk factors for CAD, 5.26% and 42.16% patients had low level of STT and SFT respectively. In cases with 3 or more risk factors for CAD, 50% and 71.42% patients had low level of STT and SFT respectively. Conclusion: Testosterone deficiency is common in T2DM patients who were in 4th and 5th decade of their life. Low serum free testosterone in T2DM patients was associated with reduced sexual desire, low HDL, increased BMI, high serum triglyceride, increase total cholesterol and LDL levels. Low serum free testosterone is also significantly associated with increased risk of CAD in T2DM patients.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr Dharmendra Tiwari
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP518340
- DOI -
- Views 79
- Downloads 0
LATE- ONSET BILATERAL AUDITORY NEUROPATHY SPECTRUM DISORDER: A CASE STUDY
Background: Onset of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder in early adulthood or middle age is exceptionally unusual. This report describes such an unusual finding of young adult onset, bilateral Auditory Neuropathy Spec...
Maternal and Fetal Outcome in Pregnancies with Heart Disease
Aims and objectives 1. To assess the maternal outcome of pregnancies complicated by heart disease. 2. To assess the foetal outcome of pregnancies complicated by heart disease. Study Design: It was a prospective, observat...
Prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of rural Tamil NaduA cross-sectional Study
Introduction: Breastfeeding plays an important role in providing nutrition to the infant’s healthy growth and development. Worldwide prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months of life is only 35%. In I...
Cardiovascular Disease Continuum- An Update
The objective of this study is to determine the various risk factors responsible for causing the cardiovascular disease like diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, smoking and visceral adiposity. High cholesterol...
Comparison of Stage IV Colonic Carcinoma in Right Side to Left Side by Prognostic Markers like her-2-neu, p 53 and KRAS Mutation
Backgrounds: Colorectal carcinomas vary considerably throughout the world, being one of the leading cancer sites in the developed countries. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer globally, a...