A RETROSPECTIVE DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF ALUMINIUM PHOSPHIDE POISONING IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE OF CENTRAL INDIA
Journal Title: Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 21
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poisonings due to metal phosphides in general and Aluminium phosphide (ALP) in particular are a global public health problem. Aluminium phosphide is an inorganic phosphide that has been in use since 1940 as an insecticide and rodenticide for domestic grain preservation and in grain processing facilities. After coming in contact with water, moisture or hydrochloric acid in the stomach, ALP liberates highly toxic phosphine gas (PH3) which produces widespread organ toxicity primarily involving the lungs, heart, liver and kidneys. In India, Aluminium phosphide is widely available as there is no restriction on its sale, that is why it is a common suicidal poison. The past four decades have witnessed high rates of mortality (37% to 100% in various studies) with ALP poisoning. Aims and Objectives- To study the clinical profile and treatment outcomes of ALP poisoning in a tertiary care centre of central India. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a retrospective descriptive study of patients of Aluminium phosphide poisonings, in which their clinical profile and outcome of management was studied. The five-year study period was from Jan 2009 to Dec 2013. RESULTS Aluminium phosphide is a commonly used insecticide for suicidal poisonings. Aluminium phosphide is easily available, as it is a commonly used insecticide and rodenticide in wheat producing areas of central India. A total of 68 patients of aluminium phosphide poisoning were studied in the study period of five years. Ninety four percent patients between the age group of 15 - 30 years represented young age group. The intent of poisoning in all the cases was suicidal. There was no correlation between mortality and age or sex. CONCLUSION Aluminium phosphide poisoning is a common lethal insecticide poisoning. Easy availability and lack of control on its sales makes it a common suicidal poison. As an effective antidote is still not available, the treatment mainly remains supportive only. Stricter governmental control on its distribution and sale can help in reducing the mortality due to Aluminium phosphide poisonings. Larger controlled trials are required for comparative evaluation of various methods of management and to assess their outcome.
Authors and Affiliations
Aneeta Datey, Ashima Datey Chakrabarty, Abhishek Agarwal
Keywords
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- EP ID EP431655
- DOI 10.14260/jemds/2018/582
- Views 125
- Downloads 0
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