A study of clinical features and outcome of patients with acute renal failure requiring dialysis at department of medicine of tertiary health care centre
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Medicine - Year 2017, Vol 3, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Acute renal failure (ARF), now increasingly referred to as “acute kidney injury” (AKI), is characterized by sudden (i.e., hours to days) impairment of kidney function. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a rapid (over hours to weeks) and usually reversible decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) that can occur either in the setting of previously normal renal function (“classical” AKI) or in a patient with pre-existing chronic kidney disease (acute-onchronic renal failure; ACRF). Aims and Objectives: To Study the Clinical features and Outcome of patients suffering from Acute Renal Failure requiring dialysis reporting to the Department of medicine of Tertiary care centre. Materials and Methods: In the present hospital based retrospective cross-sectional study all the adult AKI patients who required haemodialysis and admitted during the January 2016 to December 2016 were enrolled in the study. The medical records of all patients admitted during the study period were studied. All patients of age 14 and above with AKI and have been dialyzed at least once during the study period were included. In the hospital patients of age 14 and above are considered as “adults” and admitted to the adult patient wards. Those patients who had dialysis for overdose of dialyzable drugs; those who were under the age of 14 or had incomplete or missing records were excluded. Data on sociodemographic details, clinical features and causes associated with AKI were recorded on a prestructured proforma. Results: Majority of the patients requiring dialysis with acute kidney disease were young with age less than 40 years of age. Male patients were 59.57%. 70.21% patients were from urban area. Oligouria (80.85%), edema (65.96%) and encephalopathy (46.81%) were the common presenting features. The commonest causes of acute kidney dieses was hypovolemia (27.66 %) followed by Acute Glomerulonephritis was observed in 25.53%. Pregnancy Related Cause and sepsis was seen in 10.64% cases respectively. The mortality due to AKI was 10.63% in the present study. Conclusion: The acute renal failure requiring dialysis was seen commonly in young male, mostly belonging to urban area and presents with Oliguria, Edema and Encephalopathy. The most common cause for acute renal failure and mortality associated with it was Hypovolemia and Acute Glomerulonephritis.
Authors and Affiliations
Vinod Ramchandra Baviskar, Janrao Bhaurao Rajput
Keywords
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