A study of prevalence of age related macular degeneration in patients >60 years of age attending OPD of ophthalmology in tertiary care hospital
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Ophthalmology - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 2
Abstract
Background: Age related maculopathy (ARM) is a degenerative disorder of the central area of the retina (the macula) often associated with visual impairment which is more frequent after 60 years of age. Aims and Objectives: To study prevalence of age related macular degeneration in patients >60 years of age attending OPD of Ophthalmology in tertiary care hospital. Materials and Method: In the presents study screening of patients was done to diagnose age related macular degeneration (AMD) in the ophthalmology outpatients department of Dr Ulhas Patil Medical College and Hospital, Jalgaon. For the purpose of study Patients age 60 years and above attending Ophthalmic OPD and willing to participate in the study were selected. Thus total 1541 patients were screened in the ophthalmology outpatient department. Out of them 34 patients were diagnosed to be suffering from age related macular degeneration (AMD). History was taken in detail regarding demographic information, family history, dietary habits, details of smoking and systemic problems, focused mainly on DM, hypertension and cardiac problems. Presenting and best corrected distance visual acuity with Snellen chart was recorded in each eye. Detail examination of the eyes was done. Pupillary dilation was achieved with 1% tropicamide after anterior segment biomicroscopy. Each eye was assessed for anterior and posterior segment using slit lamp biomicroscopy. Fundus was examined with Direct and Indirect Ophthalmoscope. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy was done to evaluate macula using +90D lens. Findings on macula were recorded in detail like size and characters of drusens, Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE) pigmentary abnormalities, RPE atrophy, geographic atrophy, subretinal hemorrhage, subretinal fluids, pigment epithelial detachment and disciform fibrotic scars. Results: In the present study total 1541 patients were screened and out of them 34 patients were diagnosed to be suffering from age related macular degeneration (AMD). Thus the prevalence of AMD was 2.21%. Majority of patients were observed with early AMD (94.12%). According to the WARMGS AMD classification, majority of patients were in Grade 1 (61.76%) followed by grade 2 (23.53) and grade 3 and 4 (11.76% and 2.94%). Majority of the cases suffering from age related macular degeneration (AMD) were more than 70 years of age. The cases of AMD were more in female (55.88%) as compared to male patients (44.12%). Conclusion: Thus we conclude that the prevalence of age related macular degeneration (AMD) was 2.21%. Early AMD was the most common type of AMD. According to the WARMGS AMD classification, majority of patients were in Grade 1.
Authors and Affiliations
Omprakash Dinkar Chaudhari, Ragini Rajesh Patil
Keywords
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