Abortion: A Concept Analysis
Journal Title: IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 5
Abstract
The term abortion is vaguely used. There is no clear definition of abortion. Improper use of the term results in inadequate management of abortion as a condition. The major focus of this paper was to clarify, explain and define the concept of abortion, its defining attributes, antecedents and consequences.A concept analysis of abortion was done using the eight steps of Walker and Avant’s strategic method. Initially 36 articles from 1990 to 2017 were reviewed. Fourteen (14) articles were later dropped due to their irrelevant information, and twenty-two (22) articles were finally reviewed to deduce the definition of abortion.The main antecedents of abortion were a positive pregnancy test; incompetent cervix; illnesses (like HIV-related infections, chromosomal defects, syphilis, toxoplasmosis); malnutrition; abdominal trauma; and excessive work during pregnancy. The attributes identified in literature include a history of amenorrhea, vaginal bleeding, cramping or lower abdominal pain which progress to labour pains, dilated cervical os, and expulsion of the products of conception. The resultant consequences of abortion include loss of the fetus, anaemia, sepsis, guilt feeling, sadness and anxiety, nightmares, and depression. The empirical referents fundamental to abortion include assessing the amount of bleeding, performing speculum vaginal examination to check for cervical dilatation, and checking for products of conception coming out of the vagina.The definition of abortion in this concept analysis will enable proper interpretation and detection of abortion, and standardisation of tools used to diagnose abortion. This ultimately leads to proper management of abortion.
Authors and Affiliations
Bongani Tshuma, Prof Clara Haruzivishe, Dr Shalote Chipamaunga
Keywords
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