ABUSE OF ANABOLIC ANDROGENIC STEROIDS
Journal Title: Журнал ÑтреÑÑ-физиологии и биохимии - Year 2009, Vol 5, Issue 3
Abstract
According to the International Olympic Committee, the abuse of anabolic androgenic steroids (AASS) is found in over 50% of positive doping tests. AASS abuse is not restricted to the organized sports and widespread use. It remains as an unsolved public-health problem. Lower black market price, easier access to AASS, bodybuilding clubs and internet advertising are factors of this increasingly misuse. There is not real data about the prevalence of AASS abuse in various populations or countries, because most of athletes or students, due to their prohibition or ethical aspects do not admit to AASS abuse. Often they are aware of the risks of their choice and yet, are eager to put themselves at risk without deeper consideration. The abusers use them to improve their physical fitness and appearance. Present article has been collected to elucidate the risks and adverse effects of AASS and explanation of mechanisms of these events.
Authors and Affiliations
Abbas Yavari
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP134190
- DOI -
- Views 98
- Downloads 0
Change in the Content of Salicylic Acid and in the Activities of Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase and Catalase in Wheat Seedling Roots Under the Effect of Azospirillum Lectins
We investigated the time course of changes in the endogenous content of salicylic acid, the ratio between the acid's free and bound forms, and changes in the activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and catalase in whea...
Outcome of Breathing Exercise (Pranayam) on Spirometric Parameters in Type 2 Diabetic Individuals: a Clinical Study
Pranayama aims by carrying the involuntary functions of the respiratory mechanism within human control. The term pranayama has comprised by two words: Prana + Ayama. Prana is the vital force and energy which permeates th...
Faba Bean Can Adapt to Chocolate Spot Disease by Pretreatment with Shikimic and Salicylic Acids through Osmotic Adjustment, Solutes Allocation and Leaf Turgidity
This study investigated the effect of shikimic and salicylic acids at the concentrations of 0.4 and 0.7 mM, respectively, or their combination as phenolic compounds and Ridomil MZ at the concentration of 250 g/100 L as a...
Effects of Some Environmental Variables on Urease in Germinating Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Seed
Enzyme activity is influenced by a large number of factors. Environmental conditions such as pH, temperature, salt concentration, substrate concentration, activators, and inhibitors may change the three dimensional shape...
The performance of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on iron toxic soil augmented with compost
Performance of lowland rice grown on anaerobic wetland soil is greatly affected by iron toxicity disorder in Nigeria. Better nutrient management and cultivation of resistant varieties have been recommended as strategy to...