ADJUSTMENT AND ADAPTION IN THE PROCESS OF AGING IN PATIENTS WITH TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES
Journal Title: Acta Neuropsychologica - Year 2003, Vol 1, Issue 2
Abstract
[b]Background.[/b] One of the most difficult problems in the psychological rehabilitation of patients after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the problem of aging in these patients, which tends to occur prematurely and be accompanied by serious problems, both physical and mental. The present study presents preliminary results from a rehabilitation program featuring a comprehensive, strategic approach to this problem. Emphasis is given to establishing concrete, explicit, and individual goals, stimulating self-regulation in the patient and promoting better adaptation to ongoing changes. The theory of W. W. Frolkis, a Russian psychologist of aging, is used as one of the theoretical foundations. [b]Material and methods.[/b] The program involved 36 TBI patients treated in the Department of Medical Rehabilitation at the Cracow Rehabilitation Center, all at least 45 years old and at least 5 years after the accident. The patients were divided into two groups of 18, matched for age and sex: the control group (K), which received standard rehabilitation, and the experimental group (E), for whom a strategic plan was developed. The primary instrument for evaluation was the Cracow Rehabilitation Outcome Scale, especially the section on functioning at home. The patients were evaluated before beginning rehabilitation and after six months of participation. [b]Results.[/b] The results clearly indicate that some gains were noted in both groups, but the level of improvement achieved statistical significance only in the experimental group. [b]Conclusions.[/b] Despite the problems attendant upon premature aging and complications associated with TBI, a well-organized, strategically planned program can succeed in motivating these patients to improve their lives. The inherent capability of the human being to perceive the changing environment and adapt accordingly can be exploited in any individual, regardless of physical limitations.
Authors and Affiliations
Henryk Olszewski
Keywords
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