Aktywność fizyczna w procesie wspomagania rozwoju dzieci ze specjalnymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi
Journal Title: Pedagogika Przedszkolna i Wczesnoszkolna - Year 2017, Vol 10, Issue 2
Abstract
Physical Activity to Support Development of Children with Special Educational Needs Current educational law makes it possible for children with disabilities to be educated in special schools, integration schools and general schools. Regardless of the school system the children learn in, they need to be provided with individual and multi-specialist rehabilitation care to support their development. Supporting development is aimed at simulation of motor, cognitive, emotional and social development of a child. This may concern mainly motor development, polysensory stimulation, orientation, moving, self-care and functioning in the environment. It is generally known that since birth, physical activity is the most important stimulator of child development and, if a child is deprived of the ability to move (due to the disability or disorders), serious disturbances in all development areas is observed. Physical activity is essential to all humans and, in the case of children with development difficulties, it performs a therapeutic function. It also performs a development, adaptive, compensatory and corrective functions. Physical activity results in adaptations in the body, including adaptations observed in the muscular system, osteoarticular system, nervous system and the cardiorespiratory system, which are especially noticeable in the period of growth. The adaptive function consists in adaptation of human body to physical and social environment, whereas the compensatory function focuses on compensation for the negative effect of the contemporary life e.g. sedentary lifestyles of children and spending much time in front of computers. At each stage of human life, physical activity satisfies the natural need for movement, prevents from hypokinesia, gives satisfaction from physical exercise, and improves physical capacity and mental health, which helps improve health status. With respect to children with special educational needs, physical activity has a revalidation value since it offers opportunity for compensation for developmental deficits and social adaptation. Participation in physical education classes is not only an organized educational process through special rehabilitation effect oriented at multifaceted child development but the basis for development of other life-related skills.
Authors and Affiliations
Arkadiusz Marzec
Keywords
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