AN ESTIMATION OF MARKETING MARGINS IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN OF TOBACCO IN DISTRICT FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
Journal Title: Academic Research International - Year 2013, Vol 4, Issue 6
Abstract
This paper attempts to estimate marketing margins of major intermediaries involved in the supply chain of tobacco in Faisalabad district using primary data. Formal interviews were conducted from a representative sample of 80 farmers, 40 wholesalers and 40 retailers that represent middlemen in the supply chain of tobacco. Findings of the study indicated, wholesalers earned Rs.11 and Rs.18 per kilogram as net margin in the case of tobacco choora and tobacco rope respectively. Similarly the net margin of retailers was estimated as Rs.23 and Rs.17 per kilogram for choora and rope types of tobacco respectively. High marketing margins beyond the limits is just the exploitation for the tobacco farmers as well as consumers. The government should adjust the marketing margins to a reasonable level in order to smooth facilitation of the marketing functions in the tobacco supply chain
Authors and Affiliations
Muhammad Hussain, Manan Aslam, Shafqat Rasool
INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) INTO TECHNICAL AND ENGINEERING EDUCATION IN NIGERIA: POTENTIALITIES, PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIES
This paper discussed the role of ICT in the world of work and development in science and technology. It considers the potentialities of using ICT in the teaching and learning technical and engineering...
Implementation of SWOT-FAHP Method To Determine The Best Strategy on Development of Traditional Shipyard in Sumenep
Selection of a traditional shipyard development strategy in Sumenep is a complex issue, this is caused by several alternative strategies should be selected, but each alternative contains several criteria that must be ass...
Rural Women’s Access and Adaptation Strategies to Water Scarcity in Semi-Arid Borno State, Nigeria
The study assessed the extent of water scarcity and women’s coping strategies to water shortages in a semi-arid environment through FGDs and interviews conducted during the dry and rainy seasons. Based on interviews cond...
DEMOCRACY AND PROFESSIONALIZATION OF ADULT EDUCATION IN NIGERIA
The paper focused on democracy and professionalization of adult education in Nigeria. It highlighted the concepts of democracy, professionalization, adult and adult education. It illustrated the outcomes of adult educati...
THE TAXATION IN ISLAMIC LAW PERSPECTIVE
The national legal policy on taxation is cited in Article 23, the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. It provides that taxes and other enforceable contribution for state purposes shall be regulated by act. Ta...