Another reason to favor exclusive breastfeeding: microbiome resilience
Journal Title: Jornal de Pediatria - Year 2018, Vol 94, Issue 3
Abstract
Knowledge of the human microbiome has rapidly accelerated thanks to the Human Microbiome Project and the increasing availability of culture independent high-throughput sequencing technology. With these new tools, we have come to appreciate the extensive complexity and dynamics of the human microbiome, particularly the one which colonizes our gastrointestinal tract. While some studies appear to suggest a rather chaotic, random establishment of the human gut microbiome early in life, the latest research seems to suggest a carefully planned design based on the co-evolutionary integration of our genome composition and function with the epigenetic influence of the symbiotic microbiome. Therefore, any departure from the evolutionary plan on how proper microbiome engraftment should occur, including maternal lifestyle and diet, mode of delivery, feeding regimen, exposure to antibiotics, and home environment,1,2 just to name a few, may have potentially detrimental clinical consequences. Indeed, there is now evidence suggesting that the microbiome-mediated maturation of epithelial barriers and gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) impacts the capacity of the host to develop responses that maintain normal homeostasis and prevent aberrant pro-inflammatory or allergic responses. This implies that disruptions in the development of a healthy microbiome ecosystem early in life can have lasting effects.3
Authors and Affiliations
Alessio Fasano
Keywords
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- EP ID EP485011
- DOI 10.1016/j.jped.2017.10.002
- Views 65
- Downloads 0
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