Anthelmintic Activity, Acute Toxicity of Anacardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae) on Onchocerca ochengi and Caenorhabditis elegans
Journal Title: Asian Journal of Medicine and Health - Year 2017, Vol 5, Issue 1
Abstract
Aim: The objective was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the ethanolic stem bark of A. occidentale. Study Design: Ethanolic extract of stem barks of Anacardium occidentale was tested in vitro against the cattle filarial parasite Onchocerca ochengi and the wild type, the drug resistant strains of the free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Place and Duration of Study: The work took place at the Laboratory of Applied Zoology of the Faculty of the University of Ngaoundere between May 2016 and March 2017. Methodology: Adults of O. ochengi were incubated in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with penicillin/streptomycin and plant extract or drugs. C. elegans was incubated at 20°C with plant extract or drugs in M9-medium. Worm mortality was determined biochemically by MTT/formazan colorimetry after 24, 48 and 72 h. Ivermectin and levamisole were used as positive control and DMSO as negative control. Acute toxicity on mice (Mus musculus) and phytochemical compounds were also determined. Results: Ethonolic stem bark extract (SBE) of Anacardium occidentale was active against worms. O. ochengi was the most affected by the extract with the LC50 values of 88 ± 0.16 µg/mL, 3.18 ±0.17 µg/mL and 2.76 ± 0.10 µg/mL respectively after 24, 48 and 72h of incubation. The quantitative phyto-constituents screening has revealed the presence of tannins, phenolic acids, saponins and flavonoids. Tannins (107.16 mg GAE/ 100 g) were the most quantified compound followed by phenolic acid (26.23 mg/g GAE), saponins (9.33 mg/g) and flavonoids (0.16 mg of rutin/100 g). The acute toxicity study has demonstrated that at short term (14 days), oral intake of ethanolic stem bark extract was not toxic up to a dose of 1600 mg/kg by weight. Conclusion: This study justifies the use of this plant by traditional health practitioners in managing the disease, and also suggests a source of compounds against Onchocerca volvulus.
Authors and Affiliations
Honoré Ndouwe Tissebe Menga, Dieudonné Ndjonka, Remy Mimpfoundi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP336257
- DOI 10.9734/AJMAH/2017/34454
- Views 70
- Downloads 0
Effect of Crude Ethanol Leaf-extract of Murraya koenigii on Anxiety in Mice
Herbs are used the world over for culinary purposes and treating a host of ailments including mental disorders. Hence, this study was aimed at assessing the effects of curry plant (Murraya koenigii), commonly used as spi...
Status of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Its Associated Factors among Secondary School Students after Fifteen Months of Earthquake in Bhaktapur District, Nepal
Background: PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, natural disaster, accident, or sexual assault....
Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity of Three Medicinal Plants against Urinary Tract Infection Pathogens
Urinary tract infections are a global health issue. Although antibiotics exist, most people for fear of stigmatization often prefer medicinal treatments. Three plants Acanthus montanus, Aspilia africana and Desmodium vel...
Nurses Attitude and Barriers toward Utilization of Standardized Nursing Language in Sokoto State, Nigeria
Background: The use of standardized nursing language for nursing care documentation is a vital instrument to the nursing profession, patients care and nurses in general. Clinical information system requires standardized...
Clonal Endemicity of Clinical Isolates of Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Background: Dissemination of carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) harbouring multiple resistance determinants constitute significant threat to hospital ecology. Aims: This study analysed susceptibility of c...