Antibiogram and Virulence Characteristics of Multi-drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Nasal Cavity of Healthy Students of Niger Delta University, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2019, Vol 13, Issue 7
Abstract
ABSTRACT Introduction: Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) in healthy population has been reported to be a significant risk factor for the development of severe infections with limited clinical treatment options. This is due to the increasing emergence of Multidrug resistance (MDR) which is posing a serious health problem in the society. Aim: To determine the antibiogram and virulent characteristics of nasal S. aureus by accessing its antibiotic resistance profile and pathogenic potentials among healthy students of Niger Delta University, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Four-hundred healthy University students were screened for nasal carriage of S. aureus from April to October 2016 using conventional standard techniques. The suspected S. aureus isolates were screened for the presence of nuc and mecA genes for confirmation of S. aureus and Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) respectively using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of confirmed isolates were determined using Kirby-Bauer diffusion technique. Phenotypic expressions of haemolysin and biofilm production among the isolates were determined using Blood-Agar and Congo Red Agar tests. Results: The prevalence of nasal carriage of S. aureus was 47 (11.8%). Thirty-seven (37/47; 78.7%) and 30 (30/47; 63.8%) of the isolates were haemolysin and biofilm producers respectively. The biofilm producing S. aureus isolates were found to be significantly higher in the males than the females (Odds ratio=2.394; χ2=5.474; p=0.019). No isolate possessed mecA gene but 31 (66%) S. aureus were phenotypic MRSA. The S. aureus isolates exhibited high rates of resistance to erythromycin (87.2%), co-trimoxazole (85.1%), tetracycline (83%), ciprofloxacin (74.5%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (51.1%) and low rates to gentamycin (36.2%), and levofloxacin (6.4%). The prevalence of MDR among the isolates was 41 (87.2%) and the most prominent phenotypic antibiogram combinations among the isolates were “E, SXT, TE” and “CIP, SXT, TE”. Conclusion: The high prevalence of virulent and MDR S. aureus among these healthy individuals may lead to their potential spread in the community thereby constituting a serious health concern.
Authors and Affiliations
Adebola Onanuga, Darlington Deboh Eboh, Gloria Timipre Okou
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP606922
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2019/41396.13031
- Views 116
- Downloads 0
Duodenal Biopsy in the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhoea in Immunosuppressed Patients from a Tertiary Care Center in Southern India
ABSTRACT Introduction: Chronic diarrhoea in immunocompromised patients is due to a variety of causes including opportunistic pathogens that flourish in such a milieu. While stool examination may diagnose some pathogens,...
Pneumococcal Vaccination among Adults with Respiratory Diseases-Indications, Adherence and Roadblocks
ABSTRACT Introduction: Globally, invasive pneumococcal disease poses a major challenge to the health system and causes significant economic burden. Pneumococcal vaccination is a recommended and well adhered practice amon...
Catheter-Assisted Balloon-Supported Retrieval of a Broken Semi-Compliant Balloon from a Coronary Artery
Incidents of broken balloon in a coronary vasculature during percutaneous coronary angioplasty are very rare. Such events in cath-lab may create panic and can be life threatening for patients. Hence, immediate retrieval...
Histogram Based Synovitis Scoring System Using Ultrasound Images of Rheumatoid Arthritis
ABSTRACT Introduction: The gray scale Ultrasound (US) imaging aids in assessing activity of Rheumatoid arthritis condition through classification of synovitis and is able to estimate the disease progression. The gray sha...
The Relation of Social Happiness and Adjustment with Vandalistic Behaviour of the Children and Young Adults in the Families under Supervision of Welfare Office
ABSTRACT Introduction: Vandalism is a new social phenomenon known as a type of sick morale and tendency to destroy intentionally and knowingly, the public properties and installations. Aim: This study was conducted to ex...