Assessment of Risk Factors of Pregnancy Induced Hypertenstion- A Retrospective Hospital Based Study
Journal Title: Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Introduction: Pregnancy induced hypertension is a major complication in relation to pregnancy associated with premature delivery, intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR), abruptio placentae, and intra-uterine death, as well as maternal morbidity and mortality. Very few studies have been conducted in India to assess the determinants of pre-eclampsia. Hence present study was planned and retrospective analysis was carried out to reveal major risk factors for pregnancy induced hypertension so that healthcare professionals can assess each pregnant woman's risk of pre-eclampsia at her booking visit and can manage her antenatal care according to need. Material and Methods: The present retrospective study was carried out among records of 300 cases of pregnancy induced hypertension reported to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical College, Agroha, India over a period of 3 years. The data was collected regarding socio-demographic details, personal history, past history and family history of this disease related variables. The data so revealed was arranged and analyzed. Descriptive analysis was performed, of which data are presented in the table. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in pregnancy was found higher in the age group <25 years (249 cases) as compared to ≥25 years age group. 278 patients were primi. 22 patients were multigravida, out of which 17 patients had previous cesarean section. 6 patients had multiple pregnancy (twins). Family history of hypertension was present in 163 cases. 217 women who had their first conception within one year of their marriage. Out of 300 cases of pregnancy related hypertension, 281 was PIH, 9 was foetal distress with PIH, 1 was of pre-eclampsia, 3 was eclampsia, 2 was PIH with polyhydramnios, 1 was PIH and intra-uterine growth retardation (IUGR) and 2 was PIH with abruptio placentae. Emergency cesarean section was performed in 181 cases. Conclusion: The present study concludes that pregnancy induced hypertension was more prevalent in the age group <25 years and the majority of patients were primi and had educational status less than graduation which can be attributed to girls getting married and conceiving at an early age and have a conservative behavior towards seeking ante-natal care as well as lack of awareness are also responsible for the same. Assessment of risk factors would identify women in early pregnancy who are at high risk of preeclampsia. Proper antenatal monitoring and time to time hospital visit can help to prevent adverse outcomes of pregnancy induces hypertension.
Authors and Affiliations
Nancy Chakarvarty, Gurneesh Singh, Alka Chhabra
Keywords
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