Assessment of the usefulness of new winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) for cultivation in organic farming
Journal Title: Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering (ISSN 1642-686X) - Year 2018, Vol 63, Issue 2
Abstract
The objective of the research was to establish the ranking of the usefulness of winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) for cultivation in organic farming, taking into account their competitive ability against weeds, leaf infestation by fungal pathogens and yielding. The study was conducted in the period 2014-2016 in 3 locations in Poland: Experimental Stations of The Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation – State Research Institute in Osiny (Lublin pro vince) and Chwałowice (Masovian province) and private organic farm in Chomentowo (Podlasie province). Twelve winter wheat varieties were sown in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Weed density and their dry matter as well as biometric features of wheat varieties influenced the competitive ability against weeds, such as the height, number of tillers, wheat plant density and dry matter of wheat were assessed at a dough stage. Leaves were scored for infestation rate with fungal pathogens at milky-dough stage. Grain yield and thousand grain weight were estimated after wheat harvest. The results showed that different morphological features and canopy parameters influenced the competitive abilities of the winter wheat varieties tested. A set of varieties with the largest competitive ability and the highest yield: Julius, Skagen, Sailor, Jantarka, Smuga was established as the most suitable for organic agriculture. Muszelka, Banderola, Bamberka and KWS Ozon were characterized by the smallest competitive abilities against weeds. Arkadia, Ostroga and spelt Rokosz were the lowest yielders. For Arkadia variety leaf infestation by pathogens was a factor that limited the yield. Key words: competitiveness, morphological features, winter wheat, selection of varieties, weed infestation, organic farming
Authors and Affiliations
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk, Krzysztof Jończyk, Jarosław Stalenga
Keywords
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