Association between Albumin Creatinine Ratio and e-GFR in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Oredo Local Government Area, Benin City, South-South Nigeria
Journal Title: International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health - Year 2015, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is the commonest endocrine disease in Nigeria. Nephropathy is one of the complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus that could lead to end stage renal disease. Persistent microalbuminuria is a predictor of high risk of developing diabetic nephropathy. Early detection of kidney disease and intervention will prevent progression to end stage renal disease. Objective: To determine the association between albumin creatinine ratio and eGFR in type 2 diabetic patients, their usefulness as early predictors of diabetic nephropathy and progression of disease. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in the State Specialist Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Forty six type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, both male and female within the age range of 30 – 85 years were recruited for the study, after meeting the inclusion criteria. Twenty age and gender matched healthy subjects were selected as controls. Fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, C-Reactive protein, serum creatinine were assayed. Urine albumin was estimated and albumin creatinine ratio determined, eGFR was estimated according to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula. Results: There was a significant difference between means of glycated haemoglobin, C – Reactive protein, Albumin creatinine ratio, eGFR of subjects which was (8.3±2.1%, 17.9±1.3 mg/l, 247.7±22.2 mg/g, 88±5.9 ml/min) respectively and that of controls which was (4.5±1.1%, 10.2±2 mg/l, 22.7±5.1 mg/g, 93.1±2.3 ml/min) p<0.05. ACR showed a strong and linear negative correlation with eGFR (r=-.682, p<0.05). A higher percentage of patients (64.7%) with e-GFR<60 ml/min had microalbuminuria, compared with (57.7%) with microalbuminuria in the subjects with eGFR>60 ml/min. Albuminuria worsened with increased duration of disease, as 55.6% of patients with diabetes mellitus of 5 years and above had macro albuminuria compared with 25% of patients with disease less than 5 years. Decline in eGFR increased with increasing duration of disease, 55.6% with disease duration of 5 years and above had eGFR<60 ml/min, compared with 45.5% in those with disease less than 5 years. Conclusion: Albumin creatinine ratio and eGFR had a significant and linear negative correlation in this study. Therefore, they could be useful as predictors of early kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus in this local government area. Increase in severity of albuminuria, coupled with higher prevalence of decline in eGFR with increasing duration of disease may be suggestive of their usefulness as predictors of disease progression.
Authors and Affiliations
O. F. Adewolu, K. Atoe
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP343348
- DOI 10.9734/IJTDH/2015/14282
- Views 62
- Downloads 0
Rv2485c, a Putative Lipase of M. tuberculosis: Expression, Purification and Biochemical Characterization
Lipases have been demonstrated to have a role in virulence in several pathogens. Rv2485c gene product of Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been annotated as putative carboxyl esterase (LipQ) involved in cellular metabolism...
Prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Mysuru District – A Six Years Study
Introduction: Blood transfusion remains a substantial source of transmissible infection in India. The prevalence of transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (...
Quality of Intrapartum Care Received by Parturients during Active Phase of First Stage of Labour at a Tertiary Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
Aim: To examine intra-partum care received by parturients during active phase of first stage of labour. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional prospective design. Place and Duration of Study: Labour ward complex of...
Currently Observed Trend in the Resistance of Malaria to Artemisinin Based Combination Therapy in Nigeria – A Report of 5 Cases
Malaria is a life threatening disease caused by parasites transmitted through the bite of an infected female mosquito. About 3.2 million (about half of the world’s population) are at risk of malaria; it affects all age g...
Prevalence of ABO Blood Groups and Its Relationship with Malaria Parasitemia among Students of Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State
There are different reports on the increasing evidence about the relationship between Plasmodium falciparum malaria and ABO blood group, but the range is yet to be understood. The aim of the study was to investigate the...