Breeding Soundness Evaluation in Bulls: A Review
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 5
Abstract
Breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) of bull is an easy, cheap, and an essential tool for the cow-calf operation. BSE reduces risk, improves, strategic bull usage, fertility of herd and economics. A field practitioner can play an important role in achievement of whole potential of BSE by performing it properly. A properly performed BSE should include the use of Society for Theriogenology based standards and a systematic protocol by the practitioner. Proper Semen evaluation is an important component of the BSE. Competent physical/reproductive exams and appropriate semen evaluations can contribute greatly to the fertility and economics of individual herds as well as understanding of factors which affect fertility. Bull breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) in is a procedure which reduces risk and improves strategic bull usage and herd fertility. The breeding soundness evaluation (BSE) is a method to evaluate the potential of a bull to be used as herds sire [1]. One of the essential components of the BSE is accurate semen evaluation. Standardized procedures and assessments for bull breeding soundness evaluation (BBSE) were first brought by the precursor of the American Society for Theriogenology (SFT) [2]. Today, various bull evaluation systems include a systematic physical examination which focuses upon the assessment of sperm motility, morphology and other reproductive functions [3]. Different surveys in a variety of locations and environments revealed that subjecting bulls to a BSE may help in classification of around 65–85% of bulls as “satisfactory potential breeders” [3,4]. However, this figure can vary with bull ages, genotypes, genetics, environment, management, prior selection and the particular BBSE criteria employed [5]. Study revealed that bulls which pass a BBSE and/or related semen quality tests, have a 6% or higher fertility as compared to unevaluated bulls [6]. Calf crops were higher when using bulls which had >70% normal spermatozoa and lowest from bulls with < 50% normal spermatozoa [7] concluding that semen quality, particularly normal spermatozoa percentage was consistently related to calf output. BSEs provided a benefit/cost ratio of approximately 36:1 in Brazil [8] and 17:1 in USA [9]. Using natural breeding bulls in dairy operations, the benefit/cost ratio of eliminating infertile dairy bulls was estimated at approximately 14:1 [10].
Authors and Affiliations
SA Lone, AR Paray, SH Mir, BA Ganaie, Sinha R, Singh P
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP571695
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000415
- Views 212
- Downloads 0
Alpha Fetoprotein and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Opinion
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), an aggressive liver cancer, accounts about 90% of the primary liver carcinoma. It is a cancer with rising incidence in many countries in the past few decades and it is the third most commo...
The Most Common Discomfort
The present work refers to one of the discomforts that most affect the human organism: stress; it provides a definition of the term, the main hormones that are secreted and their effects, as well as some of the damage th...
Acute 1L-1β Luciferase Signal and Immune Response to Surface Modified Polyurethane-Type Shape Memory Polymers: A Pilot Study
Polyurethane-type Shape Memory Polymers (SMPU) are promising biomaterials due to the ability to change shape by external stimulus. However, SMPU suffer from hydrophobicity and bio-inertness which restricts their possibil...
Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma-a review of the literature
Ghost Cell Odontogenic Carcinoma is an extremely rare odontogenic tumor with unclear etiology. Although known by many names, the basic histologic identifying feature includes the identification of the ghost cells and the...
Did Evoked Potential Studies Lose Their Significance in the Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis?
Objective: Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) became central in the diagnosis and follow-up of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), evoked potentials (EP) studies appear to have lost their value, despite their ability to indicat...