Changes in Global Research and Development: Decentralisation or a New Concentration?
Journal Title: Central European Review of Economics and Finance - Year 2015, Vol 10, Issue 4
Abstract
Since the 1990s, the highly concentrated field of global research and development (R&D) has been undergoing a series of changes, which many scholars interpret as a shift toward increased decentralization. A dynamic rise in R&D spending has been accompanied by greater contributions from countries outside the Triad, also via the activity of transnational corporations (TNCs), which boost their R&D expenditure on the one hand, and serve as the driving force behind R&D internationalisation on the other. While it once seemed that decentralisation would continue, a closer analysis of global R&D suggests that its concentration has actually increased since the middle of the second decade of the 21st century. The decentralization of R&D has led to a dynamic rise in the global importance of China and South Korea, which in turn triggered a new concentration process and a shift of global R&D toward a new centre in East Asia. The process of decentralisation, which causes a diffusion of R&D across a large number of actors, including developing countries, affects global R&D to a lesser extent than the new process of concentration, which now seems to be gathering momentum.(original abstract)
Authors and Affiliations
Anna Odrobina
Keywords
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