Clinical profile of patients presenting with anemia in a tertiary care hospital: Observational study
Journal Title: Medpulse International Journal of Medicine - Year 2019, Vol 9, Issue 1
Abstract
Background: Anemia itself is not a disease but a clinical manifestation of some other underlying disease and results in tissue hypoxia and a wide range of clinical consequences. Internal medicine practice is accounted for by significant number of patients with anemia. The objective of our study was to determine the etiology and evaluate the different components of clinical profile of the patients presenting with anemia indepartment of internal medicine at civil hospital, Ahmedabad. Methods: Patients admitted with hemoglobin less than 10g/dlin the medical wards were enrolled in the study. Estimation of hemoglobin and other investigations were done to diagnose the etiology of anemia. Data were obtained by history taking, examination findings and investigation report. Results: Among 276 patients, 118 were male and 158 were female. The commonest age group was 40-49 years. Mean hemoglobin was 7.8±1.1gm%, the lowest being 2.8gm%. Peripheral blood smear predominantly showed hypochromic picture in 193 patients, macrocytic picture in 25patients and normocytic normochromic picture in 58 patients. Nutritional deficiency accounted for predominant cause of anemia (35.5%) followed by combined chronic liver disease, chronic kidney disease and anemia of chronic diseases together (28.2%). Majority patients were managed by nutritional and conservative therapy (iron, vitamin b12 and folic acid supplementation). Total 84 patients were transfused blood. Out of total 276 patients, in-hospital mortality was 21 (7.6%) especially in patients with variceal bleed and chronic kidney disease. Conclusions: Anemia is associated with a variety of diseases. In developing countries, nutritional deficiency especially iron deficiency and less commonly, vitamin B12 and folic acid deficiency are still the leading causes of anemia. Most of these patients are amenable to nutritional therapy. Mortality in patients with anemia is mostly accounted for by associated co-morbid conditions e.g. chronic liver and kidney diseases.
Authors and Affiliations
Nidhi Gupta, Krunal Talsaniya, Saurabh Biswas, Vishal Chauhan, Ashok Sodala, Sagar Chaudhari, Tarang Panchal
Keywords
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- EP ID EP517537
- DOI 10.26611/10219112
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