Clinical Progress of Toremifene and Tamoxifen in Endocrine Therapy for Breast Cancer
Journal Title: International Journal of Surgery Research and Practice - Year 2017, Vol 4, Issue 3
Abstract
Researches on the breast cancer pathogenesis have been greatly progressed within the past few decades, so does the immunohistochemical classification of breast cancer. Recent clinical trials and studies have shown that endocrine therapy has become a clear target treatment with confirmed efficacy of breast cancer. In the drug selection of endocrine therapy for breast cancer, tamoxifen and toremifene have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) successively on the treatment of peri-menopausal breast cancer patients with positive hormone receptor. A number of domestic and foreign researches have been done in comparison of using toremifene and tamoxifen alone, or both in the endocrine therapy for breast cancer; however results and conclusions vary among different studies. This article will mainly focus on reviewing literatures of this field from four aspects, the efficacy, safety, quality of life and economic benefits, and discussing the clinical progress of toremifene and tamoxifen in endocrine therapy for breast cancer.
Percutaneous Closure of an Atrial Septal Defect in a Child with Congenitally Corrected Transposition of Great Arteries
Congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries with a hemodynamically significant isolated atrial septal defect is rare. The treatment includes surgical or transcatheter closure techniques. With the introduct...
The Evaluation of the Early and Late Postoperative Pancreatic Function and Nutritional Status: Central Pancreatectomy Versus Distal Pancreatectomy
Background Central pancreatectomy is performed to preserve pancreatic function in selected patients with low-grade tumors. We evaluated short-term and long-term pancreatic function and nutritional status after central or...
Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy of Dual Renal Artery Kidneys: Single Center Experience
Multiple renal artery (MRA) kidneys represent a special challenge for surgeons, during both donor nephrectomy and renal transplantation. This study aims to evaluate both donors’ and recipients’ outcomes of laparoscopical...
Wirsung Duct Occlusion Versus Pancreaticojejunostomy after Pancreaticoduodenectomy
Background: Postoperative pancreatic fistula is still a cause of major morbidity after pancreaticoduodenectomy. The optimal management of the pancreatic remnant is still controversial. Our aim was to analyze the role of...
The Surgical Checklist Revisited
It is estimated that in-hospital adverse surgical events occur in the range of 3 to 17%. This paper reviews the use of surgical checklists as a tool for reducing preventable errors. It uses the work of Dr. Peter Pronovos...