Configuration of Spinach Heavy Metals Accumulation in Response to Treated Water, Irrigation Systems and Growing Seasons
Journal Title: International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research - Year 2018, Vol 7, Issue 2
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to assess heavy metals accumulation in soil and in leaf, tissue of spinach (Spinacia oleracea) treated with wastewater under open-field conditions. Spinach plants were grown in two consecutive growing seasons (summer and fall) and irrigated with two different irrigation systems (sprinkler or drip irrigation). Concentrations of Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni, Hs, As, Cd and Cr were determined in the irrigation water, soil and spinach leaves in both summer and fall cropping seasons, the concentrations of Zn, Pb and Ni were exceeded the maximum admissible limit 5, 0.5 and 0.5 mg.l-1 in water fresh and treated. The concentrations of heavy metals in the irrigation water sources (Hg (0.0013 mg.kg-1- 0.003 mg.kg-1), Cd (0.041 mg.kg-1- 0.094 mg.kg-1), Pb (0.02 mg.kg-1 -0.065 mg.kg-1)) were lower than the acceptable range recommended for irrigation waters, the contents of heavy metals in soil and leaves in two growing seasons and with drip and sprinkler irrigation methods were below the permissible limits recommended by European Union Standards (EU 2002) guidelines. Nonetheless, all these metals have toxic potential, but the detrimental impact becomes apparent only after decades of exposure. It is therefore suggested that regular monitoring of heavy metals in plant tissues is essential in order to prevent excessive build-up of these metals in the human food chain
Authors and Affiliations
Majida Mcheik, et al.
Keywords
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