Congenital nephrotic syndrome associated with congenital cytomegalovirus infection
Journal Title: Journal of the Indian Medical Association - Year 2018, Vol 116, Issue 11
Abstract
Congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS) is a rare disorder characterized by heavy proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and oedema in first 3 months of life. The majority of cases are caused by genetic defect in the components of the glomerular filtration barrier, specially nephrin and podocin. Other causes of congenital nephrotic syndrome include congenital infections such as syphilis, toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), HIV and hepatitis B. We are reporting a case of CNS in a 2 months old male child associated with CMV infection. On routine urine analysis, the patient had heavy (++++) proteinuria without hematuria or pyuria. In 24 hours protein excretion was 12.5 gm/24 hrs, serum total protein 4 gm/dl, serum albumin 2.0 gm/dl, total cholesterol 347.0mg/dl, urinary creatinine 41.0mg%, urinary protein 500mg/dl, protein to creatinine ratio was 12.1:1 and TSH was normal. IgM & IgG antibodies for CMV were raised and maternal IgG for CMV was strongly positive. PCR for CMV in urine was sent and it was positive, which is strongly suggestive of active CMV infection.
Authors and Affiliations
SD Sharma, RK Gupta, Alok Kumar Goyal, Anurag Sarna
Keywords
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