Demographic and Clinical Profile of Hypothyroidism, Congenital and Acquired
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 1
Abstract
This prospective, hospital based study was carried out in index medical college, hospital and research centre, Indore in paediatric department after taking informed and written consent. All children attending pediatric opd was evaluated on the basis of clinical suspicion and history and those who were diagnosed with hypothyroidism were included and based on demographic data, a clinical profile was created based on their presenting complaints, clinical picture investigations and complications. Thyroid hormones (TH) are critical for early brain development, somatic growth, and bone and pubertal maturation. Some diseases are better prevented than treated. Congenital hypothyroidism is one of such New born screening, early detection and prompt intervention of developmental delay with consequent prevention of mental retardation in CH can transform the outlook of children with CH so severe growth retardation and mental handicap is no longer seen. A total of 70 patients were diagnosed to have hypothyroidism, out of which 42 were acquired and 28 were congenital hypothyroidism. In both the types it was found that it was more common in females 50 cases (71.4%) compared to 20 (28.6 %) males, chi square revealed p value 0.002 (p value<0.05). Growth failure was present in all the cases, in71 % (50) cases height was found to be less than 3rd standard deviation, p value was 0.047(p value <0.05). Milestones were delayed in 45.7 % (32) children p value 0.0689(p value >0.05). Anaemia was seen in 68.5 % (48) p value 0.0001(p value<0.05), bone age was delayed in 48.5 % (34) p value 0.001(p value <0.05), family history of thyroid disorder was present in 25.7% (18) p value 0.623 (p value >0.05), although family history of hypothyroidism is common but in our case it was not found to be significant. History of neonatal jaundice was present in 20 % (14) children. 34.2 % children presented with history of chronic constipation and 20% with poor school performance. On sonographic evaluation of thyroid gland 14 children were found to have either hypoplastic or agenesis of thyroid gland.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Swati V Raipurkar, Dr. Archana Rani, Dr. Ritesh Kumar Singh, Dr. Mitali Pandey, Dr. Newton Ghosh
Keywords
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