Demographic factors and medical conditions associated with CTS
Journal Title: International Journal of Medical Science and Innovative Research (IJMSIR) - Year 2017, Vol 2, Issue 5
Abstract
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common compressive neuropathy and the characteristic symptoms and signs occur following compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel. Usual symptoms include numbness, paresthesia and pain in the median nerve distribution. There exists some debates regarding the compression of median nerve in carpal tunnel, but it seems likely that abnormally high pressure in the tunnel exists in patients. This high pressure causes obstruction of venous flow, oedema formation and in long run; ischemia and damage to the nerve. CTS is associated with many different factors, which include demographic factors like square wrist , medical conditions like metabolic syndrome; diabetes; hypothyroidism and inflammatory arthropathies, pregnancy, genetic factors or occupation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the demographic factors and medical conditions associated with CTS in patients reporting to the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (PMR) Department of a tertiary care hospital in Kerala. Methods This study was carried out in the Department of PMR, Government TD Medical College, Alappuzha, during a period of one year from January 2016- December 2016 to evaluate the demographic factors and medical conditions associated with CTS. This was a descriptive study conducted by evaluating the records of clinically and elecrophysiologically confirmed cases of CTS in the electrophysiology lab which is functioning in the department. Results 96 cases were included, 81 (84%) were females. 94 (98%) were right handed persons. 82 (86%) persons had bilateral symptoms with more involvement on the dominant hand. Age of patients ranged between 24 to 72 years (mean age 45.5 years). 88.5% belongs to 30-60 years age group and 40.6% of them were in the 41 to 50 year age group. CTS was more prevalent in females (Female-Male ratio: 5.4:1). The commonest demographic factors associated with CTS were square wrist (83.3 %) and obesity (44.8 %). The medical conditions associated were metabolic syndrome (25 %) and hypothyroidism (14.6 %). Few cases of CTS due to rheumatoid arthritis, post colle’s fracture and a single case of pregnancy associated CTS was also observed. 6 of them were smokers and all were males. 78 (96%) of females were home makers. 11 were manual labourers (9 males and 2 females). 4 were computer professionals. Conclusions CTS was more common in females (P <0.001) and in younger age group. Occurrence of square wrist was the commonest associated demographic factor (83.3%) and significantly associated with CTS in females (P value of 0.000) followed by obesity in 44.8%. Among the medical conditions; metabolic syndrome had the commonest association (25%), followed by type 2 diabetes (20.2%) and hypothyroidism (14.6%). There was a significant association with CTS and hypothyroidism among females (P value of 0.025).
Authors and Affiliations
Dr. Roy Rama Chandran
Keywords
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