Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediment of Bonny River, Nigeria
Journal Title: Archives of Current Research International - Year 2017, Vol 11, Issue 4
Abstract
Contamination of sediment by heavy metals is one of the global issues mostly in developing nations like Nigeria. Five heavy metal such Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in sediments from Bonny River in Rivers State were investigated. The increasing trend of metals was observed in sediments Cu ˂ Pb ˂ Zn ˂ Fe ˂ Mn. The mean concentration of the metals were 1.31, 3.95, 9.11, 15.07 and 31.54 mg/kg for Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn respectively. The concentration levels of all the heavy metals in sediment studied were lower than the safe values. The contamination factor calculated confirmed that the studied sediment were not polluted by these heavy metals. The Pollution load index (PLI) values were lower than one (˂ 1) in all the samples indicating good sediment quality. Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) calculated was less than 0, likewise the enrichment factor values were less than 2 which implies deficiency to minimal enrichment. From the results obtained, the Bonny River sediments have low contamination level and are said to be unpolluted by all heavy metals. Therefore sediment from Bonny River is safe and can be used as a building material.
Authors and Affiliations
A. Bubu, C. P. Ononugbo, G. O. Avwiri
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP320191
- DOI 10.9734/ACRI/2017/38841
- Views 76
- Downloads 0
Duplication of Right Ovarian Vein
We encountered a rare case of an anatomic variant of duplication of right ovarian vein in a 33 year old patient. Anatomic variant of the ovarian veins are extremely rare. However, with the increasing use of sophisticate...
The Impact of Using Balance Model in Teaching Linear Equation
The paper is an action research paper which involves a sample of thirty (30) second year students of Buasi Roman Catholic Junior High School. The aim of the study was to use the balance model approach in the teaching and...
Effect of Cowdung Compost Manure Rates of Application on the Growth and Leaf Yield of Spider Plant (Cleome gynandra L. Briq) in Jalingo, Taraba State, Nigeria
Aim: The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the influence of different cowdung manure rates of application on growth and leaf yield performance of spider plant (Cleone gynandra L.). Study Design: The experiment was la...
Review on the Design, Geometry and Mechanical Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting Structures
In recent decades, with the increase of energy demand and the development of wireless and micro-electro-mechanical technology, research in the field of energy recovery has been paid more and more attention. Because of pi...
Classification of Causes and Strategies for Curbing Market Fire in Nigeria
Classification of causes of market fire in Nigeria is a study aimed at identifying and classifying the causes of market fire in Nigeria from the market users’ perspective. The study considered markets with high commercia...