DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ODESSA IN XIX ST. (on the materials of the State archive of Odessa region)

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DEVELOPMENT OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN ODESSA IN XIX ST. (on the materials of the State archive of Odessa region)

Journal Title: Чорноморська минувшина - Year 2016, Vol 11, Issue

Abstract

In article documentary materials of the state archive of Odessa region which give the chance to consider the main stages of development of the roman catholic church in Odessa during xix century are analyzed. Prerequisites of church construction in the city are investigated. Process of gradual strengthening of positions of the roman catholic church in Odessa is considered. Emphasized that the most successful for the development of catholicism in the city was the period from the late XVIII century to the 20 years of xix century. Its characteristic feature was loyalty to the catholics by local authorities. This is confirmed by the position of the governor-general of Novorossiysk territory and mayor of Odessa, de Richelieu in relation to the roman catholic parishes in the region, which allowed the jesuits. The first visitor of the roman catholic churches in the Novorossiysk region was the jesuit abbé Dominique-Charles Nicholl, who oversaw the activities of all catholic parishes, which were at that time in Kherson, Odessa, Mykolaiv and Severynivk. Some materials of the state archive of Odessa region relate to the history of the catholic church of Odessa, founded in 1795. The scientific interest is the document testifying the appeal of roman catholics to the local authorities in 1808, with the request for allocation of land for the construction of a new church in connection with the increase in the number of parishioners. The result was the allocation of place for the construction of a stone church and official permission for private ownership of the land. The peculiarities of the second period in the history of the catholic church in Odessa, which began in 1822, after the prohibition of the residence of the jesuits in the Russian empire are discovered. Its peculiarity consisted in the occurrence of the russian government to the catholic church, which was suspected to support the polish uprising of 1830-1831. At this time began the policy of isolation of the catholic church from rome and the intervention of secular authorities in the affairs of the catholic episcopate. The reaction from pope gregory XVI and the countries of Western Europe forced the Russian emperor Nicholas I in 1847 to sign the concordat between the Russian government and the apostolic, one of which was the formation of a new catholic Kherson diocese with the center in Kherson. The negative attitude of the orthodox church, headed by the kherson and tavricheskiy archbishop Innocent (Borisov) was forced to make changes in the project – the diocese received the name of tiraspol (with the center in Tiraspol) and became part of the mogilev archdiocese. The leading role in the history of the catholic church at this time belonged to Odessa, where was the catholic bishop residence. In accordance with the documents in 1853, construction was completed on the stone cathedral, consecrated in the name of the assumption of the blessed virgin mary. The rector was the priest jerzy bestowed, assistants, of which there were four chaplains: for poles, italians, french and germans. Analyzed third a more favorable period for the development of catholicism in odessa which began in the second half of the XIX century. The number of archival documents for features of the procedure for the appointment of priests for the catholic germans, who were invited to the German lands and Austria. The documents provide an opportunity to trace the strengthening of the position of the church in the city, the consequence of which was the increase in the catholic population, the expansion of landholdings and construction of new temples. Thus, the documents that are stored in the state archives of Odessa region represent an opportunity to reconstruct individual episodes of the roman-catholic church in Odessa during the XIX century. In combination with the published sources and research literature, they represent the basis for further research of the history of catholicism in Ukraine.

Authors and Affiliations

Natali Dianova

Keywords

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