Dynamics of water supply and efficiency of the use of moisture by corn plants depending on the irrigation mode and soil tillage under the conditions of Southern Ukraine
Journal Title: «Таврійський науковий вісник» - Year 2018, Vol 101, Issue
Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the influence of irrigation mode and basic soil tillage on water supply and efficiency of the use of moisture by corn crops. The task of research was to determine the influence of irrigation mode and basic soil tillage on water consumption, water consumption coefficient and average daily evaporation in corn crops under the conditions of Southern Ukraine. Field experiments, laboratory and analytical research were conducted based on research methodology at the Institute of irrigated agriculture of NAAN in 2012−2015. The results of research determine the influence of terms of moistening and methods of basic tillage on the indexes of the water regime of the soil when growing grain corn under the conditions of Southern Ukraine. Ploughing at a depth of 28−30 cm allows a more effective storage and use of soil moisture, accumulated in the autumn-winter period. The indexes of total water consumption were the lowest on plots with surface tillage at a depth of 12−14 cm. The maximum water consumption coefficient of the crop under study (432 m3 /t) was recorded under the water-saving irrigation mode; in other variants moisture consumption to form one ton of corn decreased by 3.5−9.6% on the average. Moisture consumption under ploughing at a depth of 28−30 cm was 387 m3 /t, and replacement of ploughing by boardless tillage led to the insignificant decrease of the water consumption coefficient. Surface tillage at a depth of 12−14 cm led to the maximal soil moisture consumption (461 м3 /т) to produce one ton of corn, which is 15.2−16.1% more than in other variants of soil tillage. The soil-saving regime of irrigation was instrumental in reduction of average daily evaporation by 11.1%
Authors and Affiliations
П. В. Писаренко, І. О. АНДРІЄНКО
Keywords
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