Early Stage Breast Cancer: Prognostic Factors Affecting Local Recurrence and Systemic Metastasis
Journal Title: Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 5
Abstract
Abstract: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type in women in the world. The causes of death in patients undergoing surgery are relapses and metastases. Known prognostic factors affecting recurrence in these patients are age, tumor size, number of axillary lymph nodes, disease grade, ER, PR, HER-2 expression, and lymphatic invasion presence. We aimed to find prognostic factors that determine recurrence, early-late recurrence and risk of local and distant metastases in our patients with breast cancer. The files of patients with breast cancer who were referred to Dicle University Medical Faculty Medical Oncology Department between 2001 and 2010 were reviewed retrospectively. The recurrent-metastasis group of patients with recurrence during trials was called the remission group of other patients. Molecular features such as age, sex, tumor histology, size, number of lymph nodes, presence of lymphovascular invasion, tumor grade, ER, PR, HER among these two groups, staging studies; the recurrence group was compared with the recurrence-metastasis group in terms of time characteristics such as surgical characteristics, duration of surgery-chemotherapy and surgery-radiotherapy. Factors determining recurrence of early (≤24 months) and later (> 24 months) recurrence, local (local, same axilla, bone) and distant (locally external) SPSS 22 program was used for statistical analysis. A P value of <0.05 was considered significant. A total of 802 patients were included in the study of 479 breast cancer patients. Median age was 47 (18-79) years. Of the patients, 136 were involved in the recurrence-metastasis group and 343 were in the remission group. Lymphovascular invasion (lymphovascular invasion frequency, recurrence rate, p <0,05), lymph node metastasis (p <0,05), lymph node metastasis (p <0.05), greyd (percentage of middle and high graded patients were higher in the recurrent group, p <0.05), inadequate staging (recurrence was more frequent in patients with missing staging, p <0,05) and duration between surgery and chemotherapy and chemotherapy interval> 1 month, recurrence was more frequent (p <0.05). The factors determining the recurrence in patients with breast cancer were tumor size, number of involved lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, grade, incomplete staging, and the time between surgery and chemotherapy was 1 month. The factors determining late recurrence were ER positivity and use of adjuvant hormonal therapy. Local recurrence was associated with inadequate staging and distant metastasis and a significant association between ≥10 lymph node involvement.
Authors and Affiliations
Zafer PEKKOLAY, Emre AYDIN, Abdurrahman IŞIKDOĞAN
Keywords
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