ECOLOGICAL AND COENOTIC DIFFERENTIATION OF THE FLOODPLAIN VEGETATION OF LUTSK SITY
Journal Title: Naukovyi visnyk Chernivetskoho universytetu. Biolohiia (Biolohichni systemy) - Year 2017, Vol 9, Issue 1
Abstract
The prodromus of floodplain ecosystems’ vegetation for Lutsk city, covering 9 classes, 13 orders, 18 alliances, 28 associations, 7 variants and 43 communities has been prepared. The environmental and coenotic conditions of the plant communities and their anthropogenic transformation have been analyzed. Wood and shrub vegetation mostly of natural origin covers the largest areas in the studied floodplains. The association of Salicetum albo-fragilis from the class Salicetea purpureae, which is related to the riverine-central floodplains of Styr River and its tributaries (Sapalaivka and Chornohuzka) frequently occurs. The stands of transformed plant communities are formed by exotic species (Aesculus hippocastanum, Acer saccharinum, Fraxinus lanceolata etc) or by the forest ones (Picea abies, Acer platanoides, Tilia cordata) untypical for the floodplain. The shrub layer is not equally represented (5-90%) in all phytocenoses, and in much transformed areas it is absent at all. The grass cover is characterized by rich and mosaic flora composition. Communities with dominance of Urtica dioica, Rubus caesius, Galium aparine, Echinocystis lobata etc. are forming on disturbed soils subjected to nitrification processes. The ground moss cover is feebly marked (to 5%). The air and aquatic vegetation consists of limnofilic eutrophic communities of the alliance Phragmition australis, the order Phragmitetalia australis and the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea. Communities of the association Lemnetum minoris from the alliance Lemnion minoris, the class Lemnetea minoris with prevalence of free floating species (Lemna minor, Wolffia arrhiza etc.) are common in shallows of standing or weakly flowing eutrophic reservoirs. The communities of sedges of the associations Caricetum gracilis, Caricetum acutiformis, Galio palustris-Caricetum ripariae and Phalaridetum arundinaceae from the alliance Caricion elatae, the order Magnocaricetalia and the class Phragmito-Magnocaricetea are dominant in the eutrophic wetlands. Communities with dominance of Deschampsia caespitosa from the association Deschampsietum caespitosae the alliance Alopecurion pratensis and the class Molinio-Arrhenatheretea are prevailing in the meadow vegetation. The marshy meadows from the association Angelico sylvestris-Scirpetum sylvatici of the alliance Calthion palustris develop as a result of one-time or twice-repeated mowing at rich well moistened soils. Communities of the alliance Filipendulion ulmariae occur at the unmown areas of marshy meadows. The main components of its grass stand are mainly Filipendula denudata, Valeriana officinalis, Geranium palustre etc. Mesophytic hay and pasture meadows of the alliance Arrhenatherion elatioris occur as small fragments. Synanthropic vegetation of floodplains is characterized by fragmentary structure, small area and concentrates at anthropogenic landscapes representing the classes Plantaginetea majoris, Bidentetea tripartitae, Galio-Urticetea and Artemisietea vulgaris. Fragments of marshy pastures which have undergone degradation represent communities of the association Cynosuro cristati-Lolietum perennis from the alliance Agropyro-Rumicion crispi, the order Agrostietalia stoloniferae and the class Plantaginetea majoris. Low grass mesophytic moderate nitrofilic communities of the alliance Polygonion avicularis from the order Plantaginetalia majoris occupy the areas with relatively dry and dense soils. Anthropogenic plant communities of the class Artemisietea vulgaris are related to ruderal ecotopes at the second stage of the overgrowth.
Authors and Affiliations
Ю. В. КОЗАК
Keywords
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