Effect of varying concentrations and time of Nanoiron foliar application on the yield and essential oil of Pot marigold
Journal Title: International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences - Year 2012, Vol 3, Issue 10
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of iron on the flower and essential oil yield of Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis), a field experiment as factorial was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the Research Farm of Urmia University (latitude 37.53 N, 45.08 E, and 1320 m above sea level), Urmia, Iran in 2011. Treatments were iron concentration (0, 1, 2 and 3 g/liter) and spraying stage (foliar application at stem initialize, flowering, after first and second harvest). Results of ANOVA showed the significant effect of spraying time (growth stage) on the yield of flower at first and second harvest, essential oil percent at the first harvest, the essential oil yield at the third harvest. The effect of Nano-iron concentration was significant on the yield of flower at second harvest and on the yield of essential oil at first harvest. However, there was a significant interaction effect between iron spraying time and concentration on the yield of flower at third harvest. The highest yield of flower at first harvest (405.37 kg/ha) was obtained from Nano– iron foliar application at stem initialized, and the lowest yield of flower (261.64 kg/ha) belonged to iron – spraying after second harvest. Trend of flower yield at second harvest was the same with the yield obtained from first harvest. The highest yield of flower at third harvest (145.69 kg/ha) was obtained from 1 g/liter at stem initialized. But the latest application showed fewer yields than Control. At the second harvest, the highest (1.573%) and lowest (0.981%) percentage of essential oil were obtained from plants sprayed at stem initialized and after second harvest, respectively. The highest yield of flower and percent of essential oil in Nano – iron application at stem initialized (early usage) led to the highest yield of essential oil (2.397 kg/ha) in this treatment.
Authors and Affiliations
Leila Amuamuha| MSc. Student of Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia-Iran., Alireza Pirzad*| Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia-Iran.alirezapirzad@yahoo.com, Hashem Hadi| Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia-Iran.
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP5150
- DOI -
- Views 354
- Downloads 18
Robust asymptotic stabilization of a flexible spacecraft by combination of passivity and sliding mode methods
This paper considers the problem of asymptotic stabilizing of a flexible spacecraft in the presence of inertia uncertainties and external disturbances. In this system the inertia uncertainties are in the kind of matched...
The Role of Management Accounting in the Organization
Management accounting system as the most important source of information is very important to provide the organization's strategic goals. Therefore, any inefficiencies and weaknesses in the system, reduces efficiency and...
The affected postharvest life of gerbera cut flowers by the application of silver nitrate, silver thiosulfate and nano silver
The objectives of this study was the evaluation of different silver sources in long-term method as well as the determination of the best silver preservatives for promoting the vase life of gerbera cut flowers. The cut fl...
Investigation of Relationship between Motivational Factors and Teachers' Creativity of Secondary Schools, Rasht City, Iran
The present research tries to investigate relationship between motivational factors and teachers' creativity in the teachers of secondary schools, Rasht city, Iran, In order to identify ways of affecting secondary school...
Benefits and goals of designing ofzero energyschools
The environmental effects of the use of fossil fuels are becoming more obvious and concern is increasing rapidly.As in the building sector energy savin objectives are from 15 to 30% in terms of specific energy consumptio...