Enzymatic and Non-enzymatic Biomarkers Levels in Pregnancy Trimesters in Ilesa South Western Nigeria
Journal Title: International Blood Research & Reviews - Year 2016, Vol 6, Issue 4
Abstract
Aims: The aim of this study was to see the effect of pregnancy on some selected enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers based on trimesters. Study Design: One-factor, one control - three test group quasi - experimental design. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Wesley Guild Hospital Unit, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria, between September 2015 and April 2016. Methodology: A total of eighty (80) subjects were recruited for the study, and were grouped into 1st trimester pregnant women (n=20), 2nd trimester pregnant women (n=20), 3rd trimester pregnant women (n=20), and non-pregnant women (n=20). Blood samples (10 mL venous blood) were collected, centrifuged and stored as plasma before subjection to biochemical analysis. Blood plasma was analyzed for enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers using standard approved methods. Results: This study revealed that from first to third trimester, the following biomarkers: CK (creatine-kinase), LDH (lactate dehydrogenase), GGT (gamma-glutamyl transferase), AMY (amylase), TRP (troponin), CRP (c-reactive protein), MYO (myoglobin), AFP (alphafetoprotein), CB (conjugated bilirubin), and UR (urea) progressively increased while AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase), TB (total bilirubin), CR (creatinine), Na+ (sodium),and K+ (potassium) gradually decreases respectively. TP (total protein), and ALB (albumin), decreases in first and second trimester before rising in the third trimester of pregnancy. Moreover, in statistical analysis of the pregnancy trimesters with non pregnant women, ALP, AMY, TRP, MYO, and AFP were significantly increased while UR was significantly decreased in first trimester comparison with control subjects. In second trimester of pregnancy, CK, LDH, ALP, AMY, TRP, CRP, MYO, and AFP, were significantly elevated while UR was significantly decreased when compared to non pregnant subjects. In third trimester of pregnancy, CK, LDH, ALP, GGT, AMY, TRP, CRP, MYO, AFP, and CB were significantly raised while Na+ was significantly reduced when compared to the non pregnant women. Other biomarkers investigated with controls has differences that were statistically non significant. Conclusion: Pregnancy irrespective of the trimester exerts positive influence on both enzymatic and non enzymatic biomarkers, which when investigated during pregnancy prevent pregnancy associated medical complications and gives improved antenatal care for safe delivery of a healthy baby by healthy mother.
Authors and Affiliations
Stephen Olajide Awofadeju
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP242777
- DOI 10.9734/IBRR/2016/29410
- Views 128
- Downloads 0
A Case Report of Pregnant Woman with Aplastic Anemia: Diagnosis and Management through Subsequent Pregnancy
Introduction: Aplastic anemia is characterized by decreased bone marrow function with inadequate production of erythrocytes, granulocytes, and platelets. Marrow failure may be caused by absence of or defects in hematopoi...
Blood Donors Status of HIV, HBV and HCV in Central Blood Bank in Tripoli, Libya
Background: Post transfusion infections such as hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus infection continues to be an important public health concern with regard to blood transfusion in Libya and in Africa. This concer...
Artifactual Changes in Whole Blood and Plasma Glucose Levels of Diabetic and Non Diabetic Blood Samples Twenty Four Hours (24 h) Post Collection
Analysis of diabetic blood may be delayed for hours post collection owing to several factors. Artifactual changes may occur thereby confounding the results. This study investigated some artifactual changes in glucose lev...
Detection of Prethrombin 1 in Human Blood Plasma
Background: Prethrombin 1 is one of prothrombin derivatives which appears in the presence of thrombin in vitro. However, existence of prethrombin 1 in vivo remained questionable. The aim of present work was to detect of...
The Evaluation of Blood Requests for Transfusion and It’s Utilization in Four Iranian Hospitals
Background: Transfusion is one of the most important elements of healthcare. In order to save human lives, 85 million blood units are used in the world annually. Access to blood products is a common problem throughout th...