Epidemiological Profile of Orbital Fracture in Orbital Trauma in a Tertiary Eye Care Centre in Kerala
Journal Title: Journal of Medical Science And clinical Research - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 7
Abstract
Purpose: The objective was to study the epidemiological profile of patients who suffered orbital trauma and presented to a tertiary eye care centre, with an emphasis on variables like age, sex, economic status, type of trauma, anatomical sites of fractures and compare it with other studies in the literature. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive analysis of all patients presenting to Regional Institute of Ophthalmology and Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery (OMFS), Government Dental College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India with radiologically proven orbital fractures following orbital trauma from February 2015 to August 2016. Detailed informed consent and patient data were collected. They underwent detailed extra-ocular and slit lamp examination to assess visual acuity, peri-orbital changes, and ocular motility assessment along with posterior segment evaluation. Radiological findings were noted. Data was collected using a prepared proforma followed by either conservative or surgical treatment. The statistical analysis of the data was done using SPSS version 12.0 Results: Out of 120 patients, orbital trauma was more commonly seen in males (88.33%), between 16-35 years of age having the highest prevalence(50.83%) with road traffic accidents as the most common cause (55.83%). The most commonly seen radiological finding was lateral wall fracture (52.50%). 51.67% of the patients had no limitation of ocular motility. While among the ones who had ocular motility problems, elevation limitation was the most common one (35.83%). Diplopia was present in 10% of the patients. Single wall fracture was seen in 51.67%. Most of the patients were managed conservatively (89.17%). BCVA was more than 6/18 in 99 patients out of the 120. There was a statistically significant association between the age of the patient and the type of trauma sustained with the Pearson’s Chi-square test and also significant association between presence of orbital floor fracture and entrapment of extra-ocular muscle/ soft tissue. It was also found by Pearson’s Chi-square test that presence of diplopia and extra-ocular muscle / soft tissue entrapment had significant association. Conclusion: In our study, it was concluded that orbital fractures mainly affects males from the lower socio-economic strata in their 3rd and 4th decades of life, with road traffic or motor vehicle accidents as the most common cause. The most common orbital wall involved is the lateral wall. Most of the patients were managed conservatively.
Authors and Affiliations
Dr V. Sahasranamam
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