Epidemiological survey in Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lake District of eastern Poland reveals new evidence of zoonotic potential of Giardia intestinalis
Journal Title: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine - Year 2015, Vol 22, Issue 4
Abstract
Faecal samples from 297 farm animals were collected from 18 households in distinct sites of the Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lake District of eastern Poland. They included samples from 86 cattle ([i]Bos taurus[/i]), 84 pigs ([i]Sus scrofa f. domestica[/i]), 81 sheep ([i]Ovis aries[/i]), 10 horses ([i]Equus caballus[/i]), and 36 dogs ([i]Canis lupus familiaris[/i]). The samples were examined for the presence of [i]Giardia intestinalis[/i] by the Direct Fluorescence Assay (DFA) and semi-nested PCR. All amplicons were sequenced on both strands. By DFA, cysts of [i]Giardia[/i] spp. were detected in 66 of 297 faecal samples (22.2%). Positive specimens for [i]Giardia[/i] spp. were derived from 29.8% of examined pigs, 21.0% of sheep, 18.6% of cattle, 10% of horses, and 19.4% of dogs. Based on the detection of the β-giardin gene by PCR, 39 (13.1%) of the 297 examined samples were recognized as positive. Detection of the presence of [i]Giardia[/i] cysts by DFA test was overall significantly higher compared to PCR (p=0.0045). By PCR, [i]Giardia[/i] was found in 28.1% of sheep, 11.6% of cattle, 10% of horses, 9.5% of pigs and 5.6% of dogs. Partial β-giardin gene sequences were obtained for 73.7% of the PCR positive samples. From sequenced samples derived from the studied animals, [i]Giardia[/i] were identified as assemblage A (8 samples), B (1 sample) and E (18 samples). As assemblages A and B may be zoonotic, the farm animals living in eastern Poland could be regarded as a potential source of [i]Giardia[/i] infection for humans.
Authors and Affiliations
Krzysztof Stojecki, Jacek Sroka, Tomasz Cencek
Keywords
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