Evaluating the prevalence and etiology of chronic renal failure
Journal Title: International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Science Archive - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 3
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic renal failure is referred to as the progressive and irreversible loss of renal function, ultimately leading to the "end stage of renal disease" (ESRD), requiring one alternative treatment, including dialysis or grafting; in the final stage of renal disorders, kidney is unable to maintain metabolic function, fluid balance and electrolytes in the body; the ultimate consequence will be a dangerous and lethal condition called the uremia which, in turn, causes several serious complications in the body. Methods: Searches were conducted by two independent researchers in international (PubMed, Web of science, Scopus and Google scholar) and national (SID, Magiran) databases for related studies from the inception of the databases to September 2017 (without time limitation) in English and Persian languages. To ensure literature saturation, the reference lists of included studies or relevant reviews identified through the search were scanned. Discussion: CKD can have a range of etiologic causes; however, diabetes and hypertension are two of the main causes of the disease .Diabetic nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulopathy; it is also the most common cause of ESRD in the United States and Europe. In fact, about 50% of ESRD patients are diabetic. Only about 30% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 35-40% of patients with type 2 diabetes show, despite glycemic control, diabetic nephropathy .Hypertension is the second major cause of ESRD. About 51-63% of all patients with CKD are hypertensive, and this number has reached 90% in patients over the age of 65. KEY WORDS: prevalence, etiology, chronic renal failure
Authors and Affiliations
Ali Alidadi
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP505066
- DOI -
- Views 89
- Downloads 0
Evaluating the prevalence and etiology of chronic renal failure
Introduction: Chronic renal failure is referred to as the progressive and irreversible loss of renal function, ultimately leading to the "end stage of renal disease" (ESRD), requiring one alternative treatment, including...
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLETS
In case of drugs which are less soluble at alkaline pH of intestine, conventional oral dosage forms having low bioavailability problems due to their rapid gastric transition from stomach. Moreover drugs which show their...
ELECTROCHEMICAL PEROXIDASE SENSOR BASED ON MAGNESIUM OXIDE-CHITOSAN NANOBIOCOMPOSITE FILM
Nanoparticles play a major role in development of new hybrid composites for various engineering applications. A simple and novel amperometric biosensor for hydrogen peroxide detection is proposed. It is based on the immo...
Investigation of a Bacteriocin Produced by a Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacterium (LAB) Isolated from Packaged Lassi Sample
The present study involves isolation followed by morphological and physiological characterization of a bacteriocin-producing Lactic Acid Bacillus (LAB) species from a commercially available packaged lassi (curd or yoghur...
Breath analysis as a diagnostic tool for lung cancer
review we consider whether non-invasive breath-based detection of volatile biomarkers offers a means to screen populations for the presence of the disease. We find that many potential volatile cancer biomarkers have been...