Evaluating the Quality of Shiraz Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent for Agricultural Uses in Drought Conditions Utilizing IRWQI, NSFWQI, and OWQI Indicators
Journal Title: Journal of Drought and Climate change Research (JDCR) - Year 2024, Vol 2, Issue 5
Abstract
The utilization of non-conventional water sources, such as saline water, drainage, and sewage, has proven to be highly effective in managing droughts given the limitations of the country's water resources. The primary advantage of utilizing effluent from urban wastewater treatment plants is the stability of these sources, their accessibility, and their low cost for irrigating agricultural lands, which ultimately addresses the issue of water scarcity. In this study, the quality of Shiraz urban sewage treatment plant effluent was evaluated for agricultural purposes by calculating the National Sanitation Foundation of America water quality index (NSFWQI) and the Oregon water quality index (OWQI) using daily data from 2018 to 2019. Nine parameters were selected to calculate the NSFWQI index for the Shiraz treatment plant, including turbidity, temperature, phosphate, nitrate, coliform, biological oxygen demand (BOD), total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH. The OWQI quality index is similar to the NSFWQI index but includes eight parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, pH, nitrogen, total phosphorus, total dissolved solids, and fecal coliform. The results showed that the average NSFWQI values varied between 28.73 and 31.54 in different months, indicating poor quality. The monthly OWQI values ranged from 4.38 to 7.95, indicating very poor quality. Therefore, given the low quality of the effluent, it is recommended for use only in irrigating non-productive plants, forest parks around Shiraz, and a limited part of urban green space.
Authors and Affiliations
Hanie Ghaedi; Mehdi Bahrami
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP754903
- DOI https://doi.org/10.22077/jdcr.2023.6628.1035
- Views 24
- Downloads 0
Removal Efficiency of Sugarcane Bagasse Biochar for Uptake of Sodium Ion from Aqueous Solution: Nonlinear isotherm and kinetics modelling
This research examines sodium removability from agricultural wastewater using sugarcane bagasse sorbents, which helps ease the pressure on water resources during droughts. The biochar was produced in an electric furnace,...
The Effect of the Salinity Stress on the Yield, Morphological Characteristics, Essential oil and RWC of Satureja Hortensis (Case Study: Khoramabad, Iran)
Considering the state of water resources in Iran, using unconventional water for irrigation is inevitable. Investigating the regional plants response to salinity is essential. an experiment was conducted on the research...
Evaluation of Drought in Gandaki River Basin of Nepal
Drought is often considered a silent disaster, leading to food and water shortages, displacement, and even conflict. Although evidence of ongoing climate change has been observed, limited research is carried out on droug...
Vulnerability Assessment of Groundwater Resources in Qazvin Aquifer with DRASTIC, Modified and Fuzzy Methods
Concept of vulnerability used in order to determine the pollution risk of Qazvin plains aquifer. Vulnerability map of the aquifer was developed by qualitative rating, and then pollution risk map was provided. Results sho...
A Brief Overview on the Problems of Greenhouse Owners in Khorramabad, Iran, Over 2020-2021
In recent years, greenhouse production in Khorramabad, Iran, has suffered severely from problems such as the Corona pandemic, declining average annual rainfall, and severe inflation. On the other hand, the greenhouse dev...