Evaluation of mineral and vitamin intake in the diet of a sample of Polish population – baseline assessment from the prospective cohort ‘PONS’ study
Journal Title: Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine - Year 2011, Vol 18, Issue 2
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this cohort study was to evaluate selected mineral and vitamin intake of the Polish-Norwegian Study (PONS) participants.Methods: Daily mineral and vitamin intake of PONS study participants was estimated using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Overall, 3,862 inhabitants of Świętokrzyskie Province aged 45-64 (2,572 females and 1,290 males) enrolled in the study.Results: Mean calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, and sodium intake were, in males: 660.6 mg/day, 15.4 mg/day, 218.5 mg/day, 889.3 mg/day, 2,453.4 mg/day and 2,571.5 mg/day, and in females: 703.6 mg/day, 13.9 mg/day, 220.8 mg/day, 916.3 mg/day, 2,497.3 mg/day and 2,301.8 mg/day, respectively. Iron and sodium intake was significantly higher in males compared to females. Calcium intake was lower in males than in females and in participants aged 55-64 then those aged 45-54. Estimated daily sodium intake was similar among individuals with and without hypertension. Mean vitamin C, thiamin, riboflavin, vitamin B6 A and E were, in males: 80.1 mg/day, 1.3 mg/day, 1.5 mg/day, 1.6 mg/day, 8,454.0 IU/day and 5.4 mg/day and in females: 83.7 mg/day, 1.1 mg/day, 1.6 mg/day, 1.6 mg/day, 9,494.6 IU/day and 4.9 mg/day, respectively. Females had a higher intake of vitamin C and A , while males had higher thiamin and vitamin E intakes. Higher daily vitamin C intake was observed in the younger than in the older group, and in participants with higher education than those with a lower level of education.Conclusion: Significant differences were observed in daily intake of some vitamins and minerals by gender, age, level of education, and place of residence. Some participants had a lower intake of some minerals and vitamins than Polish recommendations.
Authors and Affiliations
Rafał Ilow , Bożena Regulska-Ilow , Dorota Różańska , Katarzyna Zatońska , Mahshid Dehghan , Xiaohe Zhang, Andrzej Szuba, Lars Vatten , Kinga Janik-Koncewicz , Marta Mańczuk , Witold A. Zatoński
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP80378
- DOI -
- Views 121
- Downloads 0
Beryllium concentration in pharyngeal tonsils in children
Power plant dust is believed to be the main source of the increased presence of the element beryllium in the environment which has been detected in the atmospheric air, surface waters, groundwater, soil, food, and cigare...
The factor harmful to the quality of human life – shift-work
The system of human activity, which is established by genetics and regulated by outer and inner factors, is associated with many characteristics which maintain the body in the best condition and ensure appropriate life q...
The role of Chromium III in the organism and its possible use in diabetes and obesity treatment
introduction. Diabetes and obesity are diseases characterized by their increasing incidence every year. When comparing with healthy subjects, the serum levels of chromium (Cr) are lowered in these two diseases. Several s...
Effect of isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate (IMPF) poisoning on selected immunological parameters of angiogenesis
introduction and objective. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and cholinergic receptors play an important role in the immune system, including lymphocyte-induced angiogenesis. However, their exact role is not fully understood....
Association between incidence of Lyme disease and spring-early summer season temperature changes in Hungary – 1998–2010
The increase of Lyme borreliosis (LB) can be expected due to climate change, while the distribution of the disease and annual activity of the vector and host animals depend on several factors of the environment. The pres...