Evaluation of Performance Characteristics of Enzyme Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) and Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) for HBV, HIV and HCV Infections
Journal Title: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research - Year 2018, Vol 12, Issue 8
Abstract
ABSTR ACT Introduction: The incidence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) in India has increased over the past two decades. These infections cause significant mortality and morbidity. This increasing trend is alarming and is emerging as a global health problem. India has one of the largest reservoirs of HIV, HBV and HCV and many of its cases remain undetected. Due to the large sero-prevalence in India, serological tests for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV are done for diagnosing the respective diseases, and screening of antenatal, preoperative cases and of blood donors. Aim: To find out the efficacy of Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) and Enzyme Chemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) in comparison to Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of HBV, HCV and HIV infections in patients. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study presented a comparative analysis of test results of HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV antibodies by different methods namely RDT and ECLIA taking ELISA as reference standard. A total of 198 serum samples were taken from patients and tests were done for HBsAg, anti-HCV and anti-HIV by three different methods i.e. ECLIA, RDT and ELISA and sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and accuracy were calculated. The agreement between the results was computed using Kappa coefficient. R esults: The findings demonstrated that for HBsAg, the results of RDT and ECLIA were same. For anti-HIV 1 and 2, sensitivity of RDT and ECLIA was similar. For anti-HCV, ECLIA showed better sensitivity than RDT and RDT showed better specificity than ECLIA. Strength of agreement was almost perfect for HBsAg and anti-HIV, where as for anti-HCV it was substantial. C onclusion: There were some variations in certain results by different methods. It was observed that RDT and ECLIA are good screening tests for HIV and HBV infections. On the other hand, we inferred that for HCV, ECLIA is a better screening test than RDT.
Authors and Affiliations
Dipmala Das, Sudipta Roy, Suman Mondal
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP523760
- DOI 10.7860/JCDR/2018/35169.11877
- Views 88
- Downloads 0
Is Anticipatory Postural Adjustments Focused Training Effective for Fall Prevention and Quality of Life in the Elderly?
ABSTRACT Introduction: Two important problems of ageing include decreased Balance Confidence (BC) and consequently decreased Quality of Life (QOL). There is a relationship between BC and QOL, and that the elderly who hav...
A Study to Find Out the Full Immunization Coverage of 12 to 23- month old Children and Areas of UnderPerformance using LQAS Technique in a Rural Area of Tripura
Introduction: It is very important to analyze the factors which acts as obstacle in achieving 100% immunization among children. Lot Quality Assurance Sampling (LQAS) is one of the effective method to assess such barriers...
Tackling Rheumatic Heart Disease: Prevalence and Antibiogram of Streptococcus pyogenes in Cases of Paediatric Pharyngitis
ABSTRACT Introduction: An immune mediated post-streptococcal sequelae of Streptococcus pyogenes sore throat, Rheumatic Heart Disease-associated valvulopathy and carditis are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality...
Extramedullary Plasmacytoma Presenting as Lung Cancer
ABSTRACT Extramedullary Plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell tumour without any other systemic characteristics of multiple myeloma. They are commonly observed in tissues of the upper aerodigestive tract and are extre...
Superoxide Dismutase: A Biomarker for Early Diagnosis of Tuberculosis
Abstract Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in developing countries. Traditional diagnostic methods such as microscopic detection of organism and histopathological examination are limited in...