EXPERIENCE OF NUMERICAL ESTIMATES OF ALLUVIAL AND ABRASIVE SEDIMENTARY MATERIAL SOURCES FOR THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE WORLD OCEAN
Journal Title: Вісник Одеського національного університету. Географічні та геологічні науки - Year 2015, Vol 20, Issue 2
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to assess the total amount of sedimentary drifting from rivers, cliffs and benches to the World Ocean and its coastal zone during newest time. The objectives of the article are: a) analysis of published information and self original results along coasts of the 26 seas of the Ocean, b) estimation and establishment of calculations of the downthrow sediment in a coastal zone, c) discussion and account of the general conclusions. The object of the article is a coastal zone of the World Ocean in different regions and geographical latitudes. The subject is geographical calculations of abrasive and fluvial evacuation of sedimentary material and its regularities. Methodology. As materials of the research used information from the open scientific press on marine geology, marine geomorphology and the science of the sea shores from different countries, information on the morphology and dynamics of the coastal zone Coastal Systems Commission of the International Geographical Union, as well as data obtained by the author during work on the seas of the Soviet Union and two dozen other countries. The comparative-geographic, cartographic, analytical and a number of other general geographic methods were used.. Results. During many millions years the World Ocean was sedimentary material accumulation basin. Continental terrigenous material accumulated on the deep bottom of the Ocean. The material was base of modern oceanic deep-sea sediment. In natural conditions became the several sources of marine sediment, i.g. fluvial, abrasive, biogenic, aeolian, chemogenic, volcanic, icy etc. Before current time we haven’t numerical estimation of abrasive and fluvial drift sources. The rest sources were estimated in according to scientific information that we are having to-day. What is why estimation of sediment quality, that are drifting from rivers to opened the Ocean, have important significance. From other side, we must to determine the quality of three groups of sediment that are accumulating in different conditions: a) in lagoons and limans, b) in estuaries and on tidal flats, c) that drift to the Ocean by impact of cliffs and benches abrasion. The coastal zone assimilationup to 70-80 % of fluvial sediment from general mass of 18,53 mlrd tons/year. The rest 20-30 % break the coastal zone and is putting out to opened shelf and any longer to abyssal bottom. Our investigations note that full natural system of the World Ocean is nourishing of 32 mlrd tons/year sediment. Through the coastal zone as a sedimentary barrier many terrigenous sediment are drifting to the deep sea bottom on continental slope and abyssal. For instance, in average there are (mlrd tons/year): 4,5-5,0 are fluvial from rivers, 6,3-7,4 are abrasive from cliffs and benches, 1,6 — aeolian, 0,9 — ice, 2,2 — volcanic, 1,3 — biogenic.
Authors and Affiliations
Yu. D. Shuisky
Keywords
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