Flapless Dental Implant: Contemporary Trends in Literature Coverage
Journal Title: Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research (BJSTR) - Year 2017, Vol 1, Issue 6
Abstract
The past decade in medicine it has been established the concept of minimally invasive surgery, consisting in taking advantage of advancements experienced in diagnostic techniques and specific surgical instruments, to perform surgical procedures infringing as less damage as possible to the patient. The present work aims to produce a thorough review of the literature published on the field of Implantology with flapless implant surgery, to determine the current scientific evidence of the technique. After presenting the contemporary trends in literature coverage, we can say that flapless surgeries should be restricted to well-selected cases in which a proper clinical and radiological planning has been made.The cause of the increased initial bone loss within the first year after insertion in not fully understood, and based on data available to date there is evidence that effect of surgical trauma caused by raising a mucroperiosteal flab is a subject of scientific investigation [1-4] The idea that the attendant temporary interruption of the blood supply to the outer layers of the bone could possibly cause increased alveolar ridge resorption [1-5] Maier reported a prospective cohort study for measurement of a mean cumulative crestal bone loss after one year of implant placement with flapped or flapless surgery. It was reported that flapless implant insertion caused less peri-implant loss than implant insertion with flap preparation. Therefore, the flapless procedure represents a protective and promising method in implant surgery [1,6,7] Laleman et al. [8] reported a systemic review for guided implant surgery in the edentulous maxilla, nevertheless, almost all implants included in this review were placed without flaps. Theoretically, this could have several advantages: the procedure is less time consuming, bleeding is minimal, implant placement is expedited and there is no need to place and remove sutures [8- 10]. Prati et al. [10] reported a 3-year prospective cohort study to evaluate the survival rate and marginal bone loss (MBL) of 132 calcium phosphate-blasted implant inserted by a flap or flapless technique and to study the morhochemical characteristics of the implant surface. It concluded from pratie. Study that flapless and flap technique demonstrated similar results of MBL at the preloading healing period and at the months to 3 years post-loading periods. Both surgical procedures induced an early MBL during the preloading stress-free period. Implant diameter, mandibular/ maxillary location, preloading stress-free period, and smoking habits affect MBL more than the type of surgery after both short and long-term follow-up [9,10]. Hsu et al. [11] reported a study for a comparison of clinical and radiographic outcomes of platform-switched Implants with a rough collar and platform-matched implants with a smooth Collar as one year randomized clinical trial. Our concern in this study is the suggestion of the feasibility and predictability of single implant placement with a flapless approach and an early loading protocol in the esthetic zone [11] The overall implant survival rate was comparable with those seen in previous studies using either the flapless technique or an early loading protocol [12]. With the limitation of Hsu et al study, they concluded the computer-aided flapless surgery in conjunction with an early loading is a feasible and predictable approach, with a 100 % survival rate after 1 year of function in this population, and the flapless approach helped to maintain soft tissue profile in the esthetic region. The mean marginal bone loss was less than 1 mm in both groups, and soft tissue profiles remained stable for up to 1 year of function. Additionally, all patients in both groups expressed high satisfaction [12].
Authors and Affiliations
Saad Al-Almaie, Ali Alorf, Saeed A Alzahrani
Keywords
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- EP ID EP578768
- DOI 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000518
- Views 158
- Downloads 0
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