Фотосинтетичні пігменти альгофлори як біомаркери екологічного стану водних об’єктів (на прикладі пониззя Дунаю) (PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS ALGOFLORA AS BIOMARKERS OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATUS OF WATER OBJECTS (AT EXAMPLE OF THE DANUBE LOWER REACHES)
Journal Title: Питання біоіндикації та екології - Year 2018, Vol 23, Issue 1
Abstract
The article presents the results of studies of the content of photosynthetic pigments in phytoplankton and bottom sediments of the Danube lower reaches, conducted seasonally from 2007 to 2017. The spatial-temporal variability of the absolute and relative characteristics of the pigments of algal flora of the multicomponent and dynamic ecotone «river-sea»was analyzed. It was established that the averaged over time concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl a) the phytoplankton of the water area averages 8.39±0.61 μg/dm3, and in bottom sediments it is 8.48±1.31 μg/g. The variability of plant pigments in the sediment is higher than in phytoplankton. The total coefficient of variation in the content of Chl a in phytoplankton was on average in the water area during the research period of 106.1 %, and in the bottom sediments – 186.4 %. The highest concentrations of plant pigments are found in mules, and the smallest are in washed sands. The average concentration of Chl a was during the period of researches in washed sands of 0.16 μg/g, in weakly-soiled sands – 1.85 μg/g, in highly-soiled sands – 4.94 μg/g, in mud clay – 17.98 μg/g. Significant variability in the content of pigments in the bottom sediments due to the fact, that the formation of a pigment fund at the bottom of the water depends on the type of bottom sediments. Besides, the content of photosynthetic pigments in phytoplankton reflects the development of algogroups at the time of research, and the pigment fund of the bottom sediments is the result of processes of formation, deposition, accumulation and destruction of pigments for a certain period of time before the conducted research. There are certain differences in the degree of variability of the investigated pigmentary indices. The most dynamic indicator was the content of Chl a, the least variable indicators were relative characteristics, such as,for example, the ratio of the concentration of carotenoids to the content of Chl a. On the basis of the analysis of the composition of pigment complexes of phytoplankton and bottom sediments, the conclusion was drawn about the relative stability of the species composition of the algae communities of the explored aquatorium. The high content in the pigment complex of bottom sediments and phytoplankton of the investigated water area of feopigments and carotenoids was noted, indicating unfavorable conditions for photosynthesis of algogroups and about their understated functional activity, which was due to the considerable flow velocity and high turbidity of the water. Assessment of the status of the lower reaches of the Danube, completed on basis on the average concentrations of chlorophyll content in phytoplankton and bottom sediments with the help of environmental classifications and ecological index of water quality (EQR), allows to attribute this water body to II-III class, that is, to meso-eutrophic waters. Наведено результати досліджень, які виконувалися посезонно з 2007 по 2017 рр., з вивчення вмісту фотосинтетичних пігментів у фітопланктоні і донних відкладеннях пониззя Дунаю. Було зроблено аналіз просторово-часової мінливості абсолютних і відносних пігментних характеристик функціонування альгофлори складного і динамічного екотона «річка–море». Виявлено, що усереднена за часом концентрація хлорофілу а у фітопланктоні акваторії становить 8,39±0,61 мкг/дм3, в донних відкладеннях – 8,48±1,31 мкг/г, що дозволяє віднести досліджені води до категорії мезо-евтрофних. Усереднене значення екологічного індексу якості вод, розраховане на основі вмісту рослинних пігментів в екосистемі, становить 0,72, що свідчить про добрий екологічний стан української частини Дунаю.
Authors and Affiliations
О. Г. Васенко, Г. А. Верніченко, Д. Ю. Верниченко-Цветков (Oleksandr Vasenko, Ganna Vernichenko, Dmytro Vernichenko-Tsvetkov)
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP507833
- DOI 10.26661/2312-2056/2018-23/1-11
- Views 104
- Downloads 0
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