Fumonisins: Adverse effects on human and animal health
Journal Title: Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi - Year 2018, Vol 6, Issue 2
Abstract
Fumonisins are a group of mycotoxins that are commonly found in Fusarium-type fungi, especially in corn and cornbased products. Fumonisins A, B, C and P in the form of 4 form, although the most toxicologically important fumonisin B (B1, B2 and B3) 'is. Fumonisins are structurally similar to sphingolipids. Sphingolipids are a wide family of lipids that contain many bioactive metabolites in all eukaryotic cells, especially membranes, which play an important role in cell membrane biology and regulate cell function. They are known to act in cell growth regulation, intercellular communication, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and as cell surface receptors for cytoskeletal proteins, immunoglobulins and some bacterial toxins. Fumonisins show toxic effects by disrupting sphingolipid metabolism as a result of inhibition of ceramide synthase enzyme (Sfinganine N-acyltransferase) which catalyzes N-acylation of sphinganine, sphingosine and other sphingoid bases. Fumonisins show different toxic effects specific to animal species, but may also have similar effects. It is known that leukoencephalomalacia in horses, pulmonary edema and nephrotoxicity in pigs, liver toxicity and nephrotoxicity in rats, mice and rabbits. An increase in the prevalence of esophageal cancer has been found in the local population, who consume high levels of corn and corn products contaminated with Fusarium species in humans in some parts of South Africa. Although the toxic effects of fumonisins in human beings are not fully proved, especially in terms of public health, more detailed studies should be done about this issue. Fumonisins are considered to be a potential threat to human and animal health. However, contamination with fumonisins is not inevitable in nature. Therefore, it is important for human and animal health to provide safe limits determined by the authorities in animal feeds and foods that are offered to human consumption
Authors and Affiliations
Rıza YALCIN, Asım KART
Keywords
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