Genetic polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in children with primary hypertension
Journal Title: Postępy Nauk Medycznych - Year 2015, Vol 28, Issue 11
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is the main substance regulating vascular tone. Endothelial dysfunctionand decreased production of NO is a well-known phenomenon in adults withcardiovascular disease and especially when concomitant disorders such as diabetesand atherosclerosis are present. However, there are only few data on NO, polymorphismsof endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and endogenous inhibitors of eNOS inchildren with primary hypertension. Children with primary hypertension usually arenot exposed to other cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, nicotinism andclinically evident atherosclerosis. Thus, children with primary hypertension presentthe first step of development of cardiovascular disease and allow study of pathogenesisof cardiovascular disease not disturbed by influence of other disorders.We discuss findings from studies evaluating polymorphisms of eNOS and especiallyof G894T polymorphism and endogenous inhibitors of eNOS in hypertensive childrenand children with cardiovascular risk factors. G894T polymorphism has been establisheda functional mutation that is associated with a blunted endothelial-dependentvasodilation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease andearly vascular changes observed especially in young hypertensive subjects. Althoughthere are no data that eNOS polymorphisms are associated with development of PH,there is evidence that eNOS G894T polymorphism is associated with early subclinicalarterial injury in early phase of cardiovascular disease, i.e. in adolescents with PH.However, effects of genetic polymorphisms of eNOS may be modified by behavioraland environmental factors.
Authors and Affiliations
Joanna Śladowska-Kozłowska, Mieczysław Litwin
Keywords
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