IINTEGRATION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION AGRICULTURE OF POLAND (1989–2003)

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IINTEGRATION INTO THE EUROPEAN UNION AGRICULTURE OF POLAND (1989–2003)

Journal Title: Наукові праці. Серія "Історія" - Year 2016, Vol 274, Issue 262

Abstract

The article deals with the peculiarities and specific agrarian economic system transition Poland planned to a market economy. We study the basic mistakes shock therapy, emphasizes the importance of taking into account the social needs of the population, their priority. Despite the declared principles of European integration market transition to new economic and political system was not possible without a clear and significant state regulation of the Government. Poland started implementation of the program which included the systemic transformation of agriculture. It is significantly different from other areas of reform so leading sector was the problem of changes of ownership. In Polish agriculture rozv’yazuvalosya three main objectives: The introduction of market economic mechanism and control system; Modernization and restructuring of agricultural production; inclusion of agriculture in the European economic system, resulting to be constituted new model farm. When creating a program of systemic transformations in Poland’s policy in agriculture seemed the least problematic. The reason given was that agriculture is quite a strong position occupied private initiative. The dominance of private property was considered sufficient smooth and fast entry field in the market. However, not taken into account those weaknesses which are inherent to the industry. But as usual theory is not the practice in the pattern of land use and the technical – technological parameters of production was characteristic retardation. To overcome these obstacles the industry from domestic reserves could not. Moreover, Poland was characteristic agrarian overpopulation. The realities of life compelled the Poles to seek a way out of difficult economic problems. In 1994–1997 rr. Program was successfully implemented reforms hradualistychnyh first vice – premier G. Kolodko «Strategy for Poland», which is radically different from the «shock therapy». This second wave of reforms was the policy aimed at the gradual creation of the necessary institutions, growing state intervention in the economy, a more equitable distribution of income. In the course of its implementation were significantly improved key macroeconomic indicators. Although due prolonhovanist economic processes can not be excluded that some of the positive results were the result of previous reforms. In general eventually was taken on this problem is the pace of market reforms. After reaching the turn makrostabilizatsiyi certain reforms, which by their nature should be only gradual and cautious. With the acquisition of experience in postcommunist society more extended duration of the understanding of a market economy. Thus, the program «Strategy for Poland» proclaimed the equality of public and private property. There has been a commercialization of state enterprises. The program also among the priorities set out to mitigate and reduce the loss of social reforms. In 1995 J. Kuron politician as the new wave reflected Poland’s vision: «To not get bogged down in the mire of stagnation and regression, we must stop the policy of compromise between our claims and needs of the country in the conflict between freedom and security. Instead, we have a great opportunity to support the common belief of priority social rights, transforming them from raw materials requirements for government finished product collaboration». Polish authorities times presidency Lech Walesa withstand extraordinary pressure from the population, but manifested patience and will, drawing on the path of reform. After losing the election in 1995 left a legacy of L. Walesa – initiating reform and the policy of integration.

Authors and Affiliations

І. Selivanova-Zerkal

Keywords

agency; agriculture; reform; European integration; credits; state support; duties; decentralization

EP ID EP235964
DOI -
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