IMMUNOPHENOTYPING OF HIV PATIENTS CO-INFECTED WITH MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS
Journal Title: World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research - Year 2019, Vol 8, Issue 9
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been linked with immune suppression leading to an impaired immune response to pathogenic infections. Several studies on HIV, TB, HIV/TB co-infection were previously focused on the estimation of immunological damage to various human tissues. This present study attempt to immunophenotype the CD4+ and CD8+ cells counts of HIV, TB and HIV/TB subgroups bearing in mind age and gender relationships of the subjects. A cross-sectional random sampling method was used for 400 subjects. Flow cytometer was used for immunophenotyping of CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts. HIV diagnosis was performed using the National Algorithm utilizing Determine, Stat Pak and Uni-Gold rapid test kits. while gene-Xpert was used for identification Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The result observed showed a significant variation in the ages of HIV, TB and HIV/TB categories and also in their gender (P < 0.001 and P < 0.002 respectively). Chronologically, Older HIV patients from (30 - 59) had significantly lower CD4+ count with the least counts found within (60 - 69) age group. A higher significant decrease was also observed between the mean CD4+ and CD8+ counts of HIV, TB, HIV/TB categories (P < 0.005 and P < 0.012 respectively). A Post Hoc test of a homogeneous subset was used to ascertain which of the group is responsible for the significant difference in the mean CD4+ and CD8+ counts of HIV, TB, HIV/TB categories. Result revealed that the mean CD4+ counts of (HIV and HIV/TB, TB and HIV/TB) groups and mean CD8+ counts of (HIV and TB, HIV and HIV/TB) groups contribute higher to the significant decrease (P < 0.001) observed that the mean CD4+ categories of (HIV and TB) and the mean CD8+ of (TB and HIV/TB) groups which was not significant (P > 0.0603). Since older HIV patients from (30 - 69) showed lower CD4+ count and the least count found within 60 - 69 age group and since the CD4+ cell counts decrease with increasing age of the study participants. Developing program targeting older subject from 30 - 69 age group and applying methods with high productivity, sensitivity and specificity will help in faster medical treatment in the countries with high TB, HIV/AIDS and HIV/TB prevalence and in general population.
Authors and Affiliations
Anwara Ogbonnaya
Keywords
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