In Vitro Studies of Ficus carica and its Application in Crop Improvement
Journal Title: International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology (IJRASET) - Year 2016, Vol 4, Issue 11
Abstract
Recent advances in cell culture and molecular biology of higher plants, which are key components of plant biotechnology, have demonstrated the considerable power and potential of these technologies in the genetic modification and improvement of plants that cannot be accomplished by conventional genetic methods. This has stimulated a great deal of interest and activity in university as well as corporate research laboratories. Nevertheless, the fact remains that most of the success achieved so far has been with model plant species and the transfer of these new technologies to major crop species that are the principal targets of biotechnology has either been slow and difficult, or is non-existent. In order to have any meaningful impact on agriculture the developing biotechnology must be equally and readily applicable to important crop species. The cereals and grasses, which constitute the most important group of crop plants, have until recently been found to be very recalcitrant to cell culture techniques. It highlights the success achieved in establishing totipotent callus and cell suspension cultures, and reports the development of protoplast culture systems yielding somatic embryos and plants and the recent recovery of somatic hybrid cell lines and genetically transformed cell lines. The importance of the age and physiological state of the explant and the relative genetic stability of embryogenic cultures and regenerated plants is discussed. Proliferation of the cultured shoot apex started through the first two weeks of incubation in the culture room. Single shoots developed from the cultured apex reached 3- 4 cm tall during four weeks of incubation. No abnormalities were observed in the newly initiated shoots, and no callus was associated with their development. The initiation stage was thus terminated, and the new shoots were transferred to the multiplication stage. The shoots were divided into small nodal segments and cultured on fresh medium supplemented with various concentrations of BAP or kinetin. Enhanced Axillary shoot proliferation was observed in the shoot segments after 4-6 weeks in the media supplemented with BAP; however the number of new shoots varied according to BAP concentration. The number of branches per explant was highly influenced by the addition of BAP to the nutrient medium. The highest number of branches was achieved from the addition of 3.0 mg/1 BAP.
Authors and Affiliations
Brij Mohan Singh, Chandra Mohan Rajoriya , Irshad Ahmad Wani, Rajveer Singh Rawat, Dr. Bhanwar Lal Jat
Keywords
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