Inspiracje romantyczne działalności Józefa Piłsudskiego. Filozofia czynu

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Inspiracje romantyczne działalności Józefa Piłsudskiego. Filozofia czynu

Journal Title: Przegląd Wschodni - Year 2016, Vol 14, Issue 54

Abstract

The author describes the presence of Romanticism in the life and work of Józef Piłsudski, as well as his worldview, which was shaped by the influence of its inspiration. Piłsudski’s remarks on worldview subjects took the form of impressions, maxims, and even orders, but never of a programme-built doctrine, because Piłsudski’s programme was opposed to doctrines. Piłsudski was known as the inheritor of Romanticism. The life of the Piłsudski family was strongly tied to legends, deeds and memories of Polish uprisings against Russia. The stimuli which flowed from the real world overlapped with inspiration from the world of literature, especially those found in the works of Mickiewicz and Sienkiewicz. In Piłsudski’s dramatic conception of history, individuals and nations are constantly on the march, caught in a rat race and a whirlwind of fighting. We do not know the end of history, because we ourselves attach additional (human) causality, while the future discloses itself as a challenge. In the hierarchy of values which drove Piłsudski, the highest places were occupied by political and chivalrous values, such as the independence of Poland, patriotism, courage, sacrifice or dignity. Religious values were not as important and were lower on the list, but were declared with the respect they warranted. Piłsudski was opposed to the socialists fight with the Church, and wrote articles defending the persecution of Catholics. It can be said he considered religion to be an important organization in the life of the nation and its cult, though with regard to the Church’s doctrines, he was often evasive in his responses. The influence of Romanticism on Piłsudski also manifested itself in that he most often talked of the afterlife and beyond with the use of quotations – his God appeared in the majestic poetry of Juliusz Słowacki. Romanticism was a model of the world which was created by the literary elite for the subjugated Polish nation. The Polish Second Republic (1918–1939) was based on that model. Following the First World War, Piłsudski’s final act was not of a war-like nature, but was a long-term effort for the “Romanticization” of Poland; creating a national sacrum. The sanctification of the last living heroes of the January Uprising was a testament to this. Piłsudski granted them the right to wear their uniforms and ordered members of the Polish Army to afford them every military courtesy.

Authors and Affiliations

Bohdan Urbankowski

Keywords

Piłsudski romantyzm filozofia

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EP ID EP323450
DOI -
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