Intestinal dysbiosis, obesity and metabolic syndrome: how to quit this tricky triangle?
Journal Title: Сучасна гастроентерологія - Year 2019, Vol 0, Issue 4
Abstract
The paper presents analysis of the data of worldwide literature, results of evidence-based experimental and clinical trials on the relationship between dietary habits and intestinal microbiota. The particular attention is paid to the involvement of intestinal dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome in the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic syndrome. The arguments in favour of two leading hypotheses have been outlined: hypothesis of metabolic endotoxemia and «storage» hypothesis. The first one considers mechanisms of the effects of lipopolysaccharide Gram-negative intestinal flora, increased permeability of intestinal wall, endocannabinoid system, and intestinal alkaline phosphatase. The «storage» hypothesis takes into account the peculiarities of food polysaccharides’ fermentation, monosaccharides’ absorption, and the role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites of its vital activity (in particular, short-chain fatty acids) in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Particular attention is paid to the treatment: dietary changes, the use of pro- and prebiotics, fecal transplantation. The effects of food components on the intestinal microbiota have been analysed, including the dietary fiber, such as resistant starch and inulin, and fats and proteins. It has been shown that the composition of the intestinal microbiota reflects the dietary habits and composition of the diet. A high-fat diet dramatically increases the intestinal permeability due to a mechanism associated with reduced expression of proteins of epithelial tight junction, including zonulin and occludin. The substantiation has been given to the hypothesis that the intestinal microbiome associated with obesity has an increased ability to receive energy from food («accumulation effect»). Benefits of an antibiotic with a low intestinal absorption (rifaximin) have been analysed. The results of studies supporting the eubiotic properties of rifaximin and its effectiveness at intestinal dysbiosis have been presented.
Authors and Affiliations
N. B. Gubergrits, N. V. Byelyayeva, O. V. Tsys, V. S. Rachmetova
Keywords
Related Articles
- EP ID EP670137
- DOI 10.30978/MG-2019-4-45
- Views 131
- Downloads 0
The role and place of Actovegin in the complex therapy of cytokine metabolism in patients with GERD with concomitant bronchial asthma
Objective — to study the advisability of the Actovegin inclusion in the standard treatment regimen for patients with GERD and concomitant mild to moderate BA in terms of its effects on the clinical course of this comorbi...
Fibrokolium in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with constipation: the first experience in Ukraine
Objective — to compare the clinical efficacy of Fibrokolium (Specchiasol S.r.l, Italy) with the drug psyllium in the treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome and constipations (IBS-C). Materials and methods....
Personal and situational anxiety in young patients with the combined course of gastroesophageal reflux disease and autoimmune thyroiditis
Objective — to assess the psychoemotional status of young patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). Materials and methods. The examinations involved 57 students w...
Gastric precancerous lesions: interdisciplinary view at the problem
The timely identification and effective treatment of gastric precancerous lesions is one of the strategic tasks of modern gastroenterology. The article presents the integral view of clinicians and endoscopists on precanc...
Alcoholic liver fibrosis: the current state of a problem
The article presents data on pathogenetic mechanisms of development of fibrogenesis and alcoholic liver fibrosis. The factors of diseaseprogression and turnover have been outlined. The role of the drug Heparhizine as a c...